test one

Question 1

What is considered high alert drugs list 4 and why

Answer 1

high risk of causing injury when misused
anticoags-bleeding
insulin-low blood glucose and coma
narcotics and opiates-addiction and LOC/coma
sedatives- addiction and LOC/coma

Question 2

What is the treatment for over dose with in one hour list 3

Answer 2

topical decontamination
prevention of absorption-gastric lavage or activated charcoal
neutralization- administer acid or base

Question 3

what is the tx for overdose after one hour 3

Answer 3

hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, chelating agents, antidote

Question 4

Two things to remember about activated charcoal

Answer 4

Mix-it is clumpy and may taste bad and assess bowel sounds first

Question 5

Acetaminophen overdose procedure 3

Answer 5

Activated charcoal, watch liver labs, N-acetylcysteine as antidote

Question 6

What would you do for asprin overdose? 5 plus two drugs

Answer 6

Activated charcoal, seizure precautions, thermal management, electrolyte replacement, alkalize urine, n-acetylcysteine amd mucomyst

Question 7

What would you do for benzo overdose? 4

Answer 7

Activated charcoal, flumazenil 0.2mg titrate as needed, seizure

Question 8

What would you do for opioid OD 2

Answer 8

Respiratory support, naloxone 0.4mg watch for re-admin

Question 9

What should you do for a dig overdose?

Answer 9

Dig level right away and 6 hrs after, activated charcoal, fluid/e, digibind, watch dysrhythmias

Question 10

Def for schedule 1 drug

Answer 10

No medical use, high pot for addiction, lack of accepted safety

Question 11

Liver fail and drugs 4

Answer 11

slow drug metabolism-build up of drugs in system- toxic levels
Liver damage
reduced effectiveness with prodrugs which have to be metabolized in the liver
not making proteins- competing or build up=toxic

Question 12

potency

Answer 12

Amount needed to have specific effect

Question 13

efficacy

Answer 13

Maximum response that can be produced by the drug

Question 14

steady state

Answer 14

quantity of drug eliminated in the unit of time equals the quantity of drug that reaches the systemic circulation in the unit of time
it takes about four half lives to reach a steady state
so 4X 1/2 (measured in time)=steady state

Question 15

Half life

Answer 15

The time it takes for a drug to be at 50 percent in plasma levels

Question 16

If you make a med error as a nurse what steps would you take

Answer 16

Assess the patient, implement interventions, notify with SBAR, fill out an incident report but do not document

Question 17

What about ionized drugs and what does that mean?

Answer 17

They don’t pass through cell walls acid in base is ionized in excretion you need ionized

Question 18

First pass effect

Answer 18

Straight to liver less at the site then

Question 19

Inter-patient drug response

Answer 19

Dosing is based on the ED50 which is the dose required to elicit the desired response in 50 percent of patients
ED-therapeutic TD-toxic LD-lethal

Question 20

Therapeutic index

Answer 20

Range between ED50 to TD50

Question 21

Direct or physical interactions

Answer 21

IV crystals

Question 22

Pharmacokinetics interactions

Answer 22

Alter the drug process absorption…

Question 23

interactions Pharmacodynamics

Answer 23

Same or different sites

Question 24

Combined toxicity

Answer 24

Toxic to the same organ

Question 25

Who are at most risk for drug Drug interactions 2

Answer 25

Someone with 2 or more chronic diseases and the elderly

Question 26

Dairy binds with what drug

Answer 26

Tetracycline

Question 27

What does grapfruit juice do to metabolism

Answer 27

increase or decrease

Question 28

2 drugs that produce high B{P

Answer 28

tryamine and MAO inhib

Question 29

What drug is effected by vit k and how? | and what together increases vit k

Answer 29

warfarin it reduces it | potassium diuretics and salt substitutes

Question 30

Idiosyncratic reaction

Answer 30

uncommon effect related to genetic predisposition

Question 31

What to do for digoxin overdose 6

Answer 31

``` Drug level immediately, and at 6 hrs. activated charcoal fluid and e digibind-monitor potassium drop tx dysrythmias atropine ```

Question 32

one thing about adrenergic receptors

Answer 32

Complex so better specificity

Question 33

Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 2

Answer 33

nasal mydriasis HTN heart and kidneys asthma

Question 34

What are the non-selective adrenergic agonists how to remember 5 whats the outcast and what does it do?

Answer 34

epinephrine, dopamine, droxidopa, ephedrine, norepi | Ephedrine-nasal

Question 35

What are the alpha selective adrenergic agonists 4 and mneumonic

Answer 35

phenylephrine, intranasal decongestants, ocular decongestants, midodrine a penny in the nose makes your eyes water down your midline and causes anxiety

Question 36

What are the beta adrenergic agonists 4 and mneumonic

Answer 36

Isoproterenol, bronchodilators, dobutamine, tocolytics | isolating the broncos causes doubt and anxiety to Coloradans (toco)

Question 37

what are the selective alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist drugs and whats special mneumonic

Answer 37

prazosin tx high bp and the others help pee end in sin/pee/antagonizing

Question 38

non-selective beta blockers end in and two exceptions

Answer 38

propan for lungs the rest is htn atenolol and metrapropolol is selective lol

Question 39

selective beta 1 blocker anf one thing mnemonic

Answer 39

metoprolol and atenolol tx htn and no lung involvement there is a ten at metrostate

Question 40

What does muscarinic

Answer 40

Cholinergic

Question 41

3 cholinergic agonists mnemonic and exception

Answer 41

Bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine The cars are for glaucoma chol-chol car-car cant drive if you cant see

Question 42

What are stigmines and what do they do? | for what?

Answer 42

Cholenergic agonists blocks acetolcholine erysterace increases mm contraction myasthenia gravis

Question 43

what does succinylcholine do what is it used for? CI?

Answer 43

competes with acetocholine= long depolarization of mm=decrease ca=no mm movement Surg Malignant hypothermia

Question 44

cholenergic antag name 3 and what they tx

Answer 44

Atropine, oxybutynin, scopolamine I look at the pines they give me oxygen and I eat a scoop of ice cream A-blocks cholenergic effects and all that goes with it O-over active bladder S-sick car

Question 45

one thing about scopolamine

Answer 45

Causes sedation and urine retention used surg

Question 46

what to drugs do you need to be careful with?

Answer 46

carvendilol and isoproterenol