Test one Flashcards
(27 cards)
Most common type of persistent arrhythmia
atrial fibrillation
Arrange in order the following sequences correctly depicts the normal pattern of sequential depolarization of the structures of the heart? 1. right and left bundle branches, 2. sinoatrial (SA) node, 3. subendocardial Purkinje network, 4. bundle of His, 5. atrioventricular (AV) node
- Sinoatrial (SA) node
- Atrioventricular (AV) node
- Bundle of His
- Right an dleft bundle branches
- Subendocardial purkinje network
tachycardia in an adult is defined as a heart rate greater than?
greater than 100 beat per minute
what is a disorder of repolarization?
Long QT syndrome
An advantage of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICDs) in contrast to pacemakers
Terminating a rhythm disturbance without delivering a shock
Which of the following dental devices has produced electromagnetic interference (EMI) with pacemakers and ICDs in studies performed in vitro?
Electrosurger, ultrasonic bath cleaners, ultrasonic scalers, battery operated curing light
which of the following is classified as a significant arryhythmia according to the ACC/AHA guidelines?
High grade AV block, symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias in presence of cardiovascular disease and supra ventricular arrhythmias with an uncontrolled ventricular rate
most of the acquired disorders that lead to heart failure result in initial failure of the_____
left ventricle
know the symptoms of the left heart failure and first line therapy drugs for the treatment of it
symptoms: cough, shortness of breath, difficulty lying down, irregular/rapid pulse
First line therapy drugs: diuretics, vascodilators, anticoagulants
know the symptoms of the right heart failure and first line therapy drugs for the treatment of it
symptoms: shortness of breath, swelling of feet/ankles, nocturia
first line therapy durgs: ACE inhibitors*, diuretics, beta blockers
which is the most common reason for decompenstation of previously well- compensated heart failure during dental treatment
the patient’s failure to take prescribed medications properly
know which are modifiable and non modifiable factors
modifiable: smoking diabetes things that can be changed/treated
non modifiable: gender, age, ect. something that cant be changed. elevated C-reactive proteins?
which of blood cells engulf lipid molecules to become foam cells
Macrophages engulf lipid molecules to become foam cells. macrophages characteristics features of the fatty streak
the most important symptom of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
chest pain- may be brief for prolonged
the most common cause of sudden cardiac death?
ventricular fibrillation- a form of abnormal electrical activity resulting from interruption of the heart’s electrical conductive system
which is a serum enzyme determination used to establish the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to determine the extent of infarction?
Troponin I, troponin T
which of the following is true for MI with ST segment elevation? (STEMI)
Use epi with consideration. no NSAIDs
Digoxin and digitalis can be toxins so no epi
Angina
A brief sub sterna like pain resulting from myocardial ischemia, commonly provoked by physical activity or emotional stress, is a common and significant symptom of coronary heart disease. Patients are at an increased risk for arrhythmias, MI, and sudden death. *patients with unstable or progressive angina are not candidates for elective dental care
Pre hypertension
BP 120-139 or 80-89.
Which is most often the first drug category of choice if lifestyle modification is ineffective at lowering blood pressure?
Thiazide diurectics are most often the first drug of choice
interaction of beta-blocker with epinephrine
elevation of blood pressure
Bacteria involved in infective endocarditis
Streptococcus
one consequence of chronic hepatitis (b or C) or cirrhosis of the liver is decreased ability of the body to ____ certain drugs, including local anesthetics and analgesics
metabolize
vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who are using cocaine or methomophetamine because these agents may produce:
arrhythmias or severe hypertension
