Test One Flashcards
(43 cards)
According to Green, which 20th century ideas actually originated with Rousseau?
- critical periods in development
- discovery learning
- let children learn in the least restrictive environment
According to Rousseau
Boys and girls should follow the natural plan appropriate for their respective sex
Rene Spitz found that which of the following was most affected by institutionalization?
Social development
According to Skinner the discriminative stimulus:
Provides information about a context in which some behaviors will be reinforced and others not reinforced
Child Temper Tantrum vs. Mom giving treat to silence child
Temper Tantrum - negative reinforcement
Treat - positive reinforcement
Skinners theory of operant conditioning is considered a “paradigm case” for
The exogenous family of theories
Phenotype is to genotype as
Academic grades are to innate ability
True or false: information contained in a group of genes is a genotype
True
According to E.O. Wilson, the human body is
The genes’ way of making more genes
Which of the following is true about child development
It is the scientific study of the patterns of growth, change, and stability that occur from conception through adolescence
Most children in the US enter into some sort of formal education between 5-7 years. This is referred to as _____ event
Normative
The first researcher to actually study child adolescence as a separate period of development was
G. Stanley Hall
Reinforcement
A stimulus that increases likelihood that the proceeding behavior will be repeated
According to Piaget, the organized mental patterns that represent behaviors and actions and that serve as the foundation of cognitive development are known as
Schemes
According to Freud, everyone’s personality has which three aspects
Id, ego and superego
The most basic level of the nervous system is the individual cells known as
Neurons
Moro Reflix
Thrusting out arms in attempt to grab something (occurs when support of neck is suddenly removed)
Example of fine motor skill
Drawing
Zeitgeist
Time ghost – ghost time
Spirit of time
The common sense of one generation is not necessarily the common sense of another.
Common sense CHANGES based on life experience.
Jean Jaques Rousseau
1712-1778
Hobo from Paris
Creator of the concept of childhood.
Wrote books
Book One - Rousseau
THE NATURAL PLAN
Gods plan for raising moral children without corruption
Catholicism = wrong - children are not born with original sin
The MORAL child - innate goodness
Things degenerate in the hands of man
At this time no concept of childhood - from age 3 on mini adults
Book Two - Rousseau
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT critical periods Infancy (B-2) Young Childhood (2-12) Pubescence (12-15) Adolescence (15-25)
Rousseau INVENTED childhood
Book Three - Rousseau
DISCOVERY LEARNING
no rote memorizing of Greek and Roman texts
Natural lessons provided by nature
Children discover natural lessons about physical and social laws
Book Four - Rousseau
PERMISSIVENESS
let child extend his understanding by permitting curiosity, exploration, and discovery without imposing parental habits or restriction (within reason).
Practice the “least restrictive environment” for child’s ability
