Test One Worksheet 5 Molecular and Ionic Compounds

Question 1

Combustion Reaction:

Answer 1

Compound + O₂ → H₂0 + CO₂

Question 2

Molecular Formula

Answer 2

Shows the exact number of atoms in one molecule

Question 3

Structural Formula:

Answer 3

Shows how atoms are connected together

Question 4

Naming Molecular Compounds:

Answer 4

1) The elements that combine to form binary molecular compounds are both nonmetals

2) Name the first element

3) Name the second element, changing the end of its name to -ide

4) Use prefixes to denote multiple atoms

5) Tips: Generally omit mono- for first element.

6) Oxides: If second element ends with vowel, eliminate the last letter of -o or -a in prefix when naming

Question 5

Mono-

Answer 5

One

Question 6

Di-

Answer 6

Two

Question 7

Tri-

Answer 7

Three

Question 8

Tetra-

Answer 8

Four

Question 9

Penta-

Answer 9

Five

Question 10

Hexa-

Answer 10

Six

Question 11

Hepta-

Answer 11

Seven

Question 12

Octa-

Answer 12

Eight

Question 13

Nona-

Answer 13

Nine

Question 14

Deca-

Answer 14

Ten

Question 15

SO₄

Answer 15

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Tetroxide

Question 16

SO₅

Answer 16

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Pentoxide

Question 17

SO

Answer 17

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Monoxide

Question 18

B₂H₆

Answer 18

Diborane

Question 19

SiH₄

Answer 19

Silane

Question 20

NH₃

Answer 20

Ammonia

Question 21

PH₃

Answer 21

Phosphine

Question 22

H₂0

Answer 22

Water

Question 23

H₂S

Answer 23

Hydrogen sulfide

Question 24

Polyatomic (Molecular) Ions

Answer 24

Molecular compounds that have a charge
Both positive and negative
Same element with different number of oxygens, -ate vs. -ite

Question 25

Naming Molecular Acids. Simple Acids:

Answer 25

1) Have hydrogen attached to single anion 2) Take anion name 3) Combine second element name with hydro- 4) Replace -ide with -ic acid

Question 26

HCl

Answer 26

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 27

Naming Oxoacids- Hydrogen attached to polyatomic ion with oxygens

Answer 27

1) NO hydro- 2) -ate turns to -ic 3) -ite turns to -ous

Question 28

H₂SO₃

Answer 28

1) recognize SO₃ is a polyatomic ion with an oxygen 2) its name when looked up is Sulfite 3) Sulfite → Sulfurous acid

Question 29

Empirical Formula

Answer 29

Whole-number ratio of elements in molecular compound

Question 30

Molecular Formula

Answer 30

Exact number of each element in a molecular compound

Question 31

Ionic Compounds

Answer 31

Combination of oppositely charge ions which make an ionic bond

Question 32

Ionic Compound

Answer 32

Metal and non-metal, Metal and polyatomic ion

Question 33

Ionic bonds

Answer 33

electrons are not shared

Question 34

Ionic compounds

Answer 34

made up of cations and anions

Question 35

Ionic compounds

Answer 35

Charges of anions and cations must balance

Question 36

Formula for Al³⁺ and CO₃²⁻

Answer 36

Al₂(CO₃)₃

Question 37

Ionic Compounds

Answer 37

Lattice, (structured packing of cations and anions), highly ordered ratio of ions ∴ only empirical formulas are used with ionic compounds

Question 38

Cations

Answer 38

Positive

Question 39

Anions

Answer 39

Negative

Question 40

Naming Ionic Compounds:

Answer 40

1) Name the first element 2) Add -ide on the end of the name of the second element 3) Add a roman numeral for first element if can have more than one charge

Question 41

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) MgCl₂

Answer 41

1) Magnesium Chloride

Question 42

Ionic Compounds

Answer 42

DO NOT USE PREFIXES

Question 43

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) FeSO₄

Answer 43

Iron (II) Sulfate

Question 44

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) CrS

Answer 44

1) Chromium + Sulfur 2) Chromium (II) Sulfide

Question 45

Cr₂S₃

Answer 45

Chromium (III) Sulfide

Question 46

ClO₃-

Answer 46

Chlorate Base ion -ate

Question 47

ClO₂-

Answer 47

Chlorite Ion with one less oxygen -ite

Question 48

ClO₄-

Answer 48

Perchlorate (Ion with one more oxygen)

Question 49

ClO-

Answer 49

Hypochlorite (keep the -ite and add the hypo)

Question 50

Naming Hydrates

Answer 50

Ionic compounds that have a specified number of water molecules within their lattice

Question 51

Hydrate example: LiCl * H₂0

Answer 51

lithium chloride monohydrate

Question 52

HClO

Answer 52

hypochlorous acid