Test Q Flashcards
(37 cards)
Bacterial conjunctivitis tx?
erythromycin or polymyxin drops first line. FLUOROQUINOLONES if contacts (pseudomonas coverage)
Complication of bacterial conjunctivitis?
keratitis! (corneal inflammation)
Acute Chest Syndrome
vaso-occlusion of pulmonary system.
Etiology: Adults (fat emboli) , Child (infection)
PEDS sepsis:
Most common organisms?
Empiric Abx?
(<28 days, >28 days)
<28 days: E. Coli, GBS. Amp + Gentamicin or cefotaxime
> 28 days: Strep pneumo, Neiseria meningitidis. CTX or cefotaxime + Vanc (if meningeal involvement)
Sjogren’s disease
Chronic, autoimmune. eye dryness, mouth dryness.
Anti-Ro/SSA, anti-LA/SSB antibodies. At higher risk for B-cell lymphoma (5%)
Spinal stenosis imaging?
MRI
Scoliosis - red flag sxs?
Back pain, neuro sxs, rapidly progressing sxs, vertebral anomalies on XR
Untreated celiac dz complication?
T-cell lymphoma - typically at jejunum
DM medication and heart failure risk?
pioglitazone (PPAR-y agonists)
Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies?
SLE
Anti-centromere antibodies?
CREST
Anti-mitochondrial?
primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)
Anti-smith antibodies?
SLE (less sensitivity vs anti double stranded DNA
SLE treatments?
Prednisone is helpful for inflammation as other medications start.
Hydroxychloroquine is good for serositis, cutaneous sxs, arthralgias.
Cyclophosphamide is good for more serious sxs (nephritis, CNS, vasculitis)
Methotrexate is for significant organ involvement
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Autoimmune disease with inflammation and obliteration of intrahepatic bile ducts» cirrhosis.
+Xanthelasma
Elev alk phos, positive anti-MITOCHONDRIAL antibody.
Tx: ursodeoxycholic acid, liver transplant
Two types of acute severe anemia in sickle cell disease?
- Aplastic crisis (low reticulocytes) - secondary to parvo infection
- Splenic sequestration crisis (high retic) - enlarging spleen
Lyme Arthritis
elevated synovial fluid WBC, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blot
Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto)
HYPO-thyroid sxs, diffuse goiter.
Positive TPO antibody, radio-iodine uptake variable
Painless thyroiditis
brief hyperthyroid phase, small and nontender goiter
Positive TPO Ab, low radio-iodine uptake
Subacute thyroiditis (de quervain thyroiditis)
Post viral. HYPERthyroid sx.
Painful/tender goiter.
Low radioiodine uptake.
Self-limited- can give NSIADs, BB.
Risk of hormone therapy (estrogen, progesterone)
Beneficial: menopausal sx relief, bone mass/fractures, colon caner, T2DM, all cause mortality (age <60)
Detrimental: DVT, breast cancer, CAD, Stroke, gall bladder
Most common allergy for asthma?
House dust mites
Elevated AFP, decreased AFP?
Elevated: open NTD, ventral wall defects, multiple gestations.
Decreased: aneuploidies
Next steps: repeat testing, US
Involuntary closure of the eye?
Blepharospasm- tx with botox
