Test Questions Flashcards
(16 cards)
Describe the immunological pathways involved in the CTLA-4 and PD1/PDL1 blockade
achieved by the anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD1 antibodies (Ipilimumab and Pembrolizumab)
recently approved for clinical use (70 marks). What are the clinical responses and toxic
side effects reported for each agent? (30 Marks)
CTLA-4 and drugs
What are the major challenges to achieve tolerance after solid organ transplant rejection?
Transplant
Have animal models contributed to our knowledge of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) (20 marks)? Using named examples, discuss in detail how such models have
contributed to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies for RA (80 marks).
RA
Describe the role of the intrahepatic immune related cells in the immune surveillance of
the liver in basal and inflammatory conditions (40 marks) and discuss the potential role of
regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hepatitis (60 marks).
Hepatitis and Liver
Outline how aberrations in T cell signalling can give rise to T and B cell malignancies.
T cell B cell
Nature and nurture both contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Discuss.
IBD
Critically evaluate the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis with
reference to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
MS
. Describe in detail the immunological events in the lung contributing to the development of
asthma (70 marks) and discuss possible reasons why the incidence of allergy is on the
increase (30 marks).
Asthma and Allergy
Describe in detail how alloantigen recognition occurs (50 marks) and how this
contributes to transplant rejection (50 marks).
Transplant
Critically discuss the statement; “ manipulation of T cell responses can control Type I
diabetes”
Diabetes
Describe in detail the mechanisms by which HIV leads to immunosuppression
HIV
Discuss possible mechanisms which melanoma tumour cells may employ to modulate T
cell activation. Describe three immunotherapeutic approaches designed to activate T
cells against melanoma tumours and explain the mechanisms of action for each.
Melanoma
Discuss the current treatment options for autoimmune thyroid disease with reference
to their limitations and the potential to develop improved treatment strategies.
Thyroid disease
How have animal models contributed to our knowledge of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (40 marks)? Outline how this information has led to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies (60 marks)
RA
Describe the immunological mechanisms involved in the development of asthma (60
marks) and indicate areas of potential immune intervention (40 marks)
Asthma
Describe the specialized features of the mucosal immune system (30 marks) and
describe in detail the factors that contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel
disease (70 marks).
IBD
