Test Review

Question 1

What is devine right?

Answer 1

The right to rule given by God

Question 2

What is absolutism?

Answer 2

Monarchs/dictators have absolute power

Question 3

What is popular sovereignty?

Answer 3

Government based on the consent of the people

Question 4

List the main English monarchs in order

Answer 4

1.Henry VIII
2.Mary I
3.Elizabeth
4.James I
5.Charles I
6.James II
7.William III and Mary II

Question 5

Who needed a son, killed and divorced his wives (6), made the Church of England which was protestant, had 3 children (his son was named Edward and became king at 9 and died at 15)? What country did he/she reign?

Answer 5

Henry VIII (England)

Question 6

Which monarch killed all of the protestants, got married to phillip ii, and reigned for 4 years? What country did he/she rule?

Answer 6

Mary I/”Bloody Mary” (England)

Question 7

Which ruler destroyed Phillip II, reinstated the Church of England, lived for around 70 years, never got married, nicknamed “The Virgin Queen,” enforced poor laws (“take care of your own poor”), and increased trade? What country did she rule?

Answer 7

Elizabeth (England)

Question 8

Which monarch created his own version of the bible and was originally from Scotland? Which country did he rule?

Answer 8

James I (England)

Question 9

Which leader caused a revolution do to his high taxes, limited rights to the people, and firing of the parliament, reigned during roundheads and cavaliers, and got executed due to losing to the roundheads (cromwell)? Which country did he rule?

Answer 9

Charles I (England)

Question 10

Which ruler was catholic, favored absolute power, and ran away when the parliament approached William and Mary of Orange? Which country did she/he rule?

Answer 10

James II

Question 11

Who ruled after James II?

Answer 11

William III and Mary II

Question 12

What was an enormous 130-ship naval fleet dispatched by Spain in 1588 as part of a planned invasion of England?

Answer 12

The Spanish Armada

Question 13

_____ had 130 ships with 30,000 troops and 2,500 guns

Answer 13

The Spanish Armada

Question 14

Who did the Spanish Armada belong to?

Answer 14

King Phillip II of Spain

Question 15

List methods to limit absolue monarchies.

Answer 15

Abdication
Legislative reform
Revolution
Coup d’état
Decolonization

Question 16

What is abdication?

Answer 16

A ruler abandons the throne

Question 17

What is legislative reform?

Answer 17

The government changes laws/improves social system

Question 18

What is a revolution?

Answer 18

Violent attempt by many people to end the rule of one government and start a new one

Question 19

What is a coup d’état?

Answer 19

The sudden, violent overthrow of an existing government by a small group

Question 20

What is decolonization?

Answer 20

The process by which colonies become independent of the colonizing country

Question 21

What are the enlightened ideas(7)?

Answer 21

Religious Tolerance
Freedom of Expression
Opposition to Absolutism
Laissez Faire Economics
Humanitarianism
Scientific Spirit
Education

Question 22

Describe religious tolerance.

Answer 22

People should not be prosecuted for religious beliefs

Question 23

Describe freedom of expression.

Answer 23

People should be able to express opinions/beliefs freely

Question 24

Describe opposition to absolutism.

Answer 24

Rights and equality should be protected(limit the governments power)

Question 25

Describe laissez faire economics.

Answer 25

Government should not involve themselves with businesses or money

Question 26

Describe humanitarianism.

Answer 26

No slavery, war, torture, or cruel/unusual punishment

Question 27

Describe scientific spirit.

Answer 27

Use the scientific method to nationalize universal truths of the enlightenment

Question 28

Who is commonly known as the "father of liberalism"?

Answer 28

John Locke

Question 29

Describe John Locke.

Answer 29

Author of the first systematic exposition and defense of political liberalism Founder of a school of thought known as British Empiricism Pioneered the ideas of: Natural law Social contract Religious toleration Right to revolution The Reasonableness of Christianity

Question 30

Who is Baron de Montesquieu?

Answer 30

French political philosopherr The Spirit of Laws (1748): political theory and of jurisprudence Published Lettres persanes Judge Man of letters Historian

Question 31

Who is Simon Bolivar?

Answer 31

President of the Republic of Venezuela Nicknamed “El Libertador” Helped nations become independent from Spain

Question 32

Who is Voltaire?

Answer 32

French writer(François-Marie d'Arouet) Wit Criticism of Christianity(Roman Catholic Church) Criticism of slavery Lettres philosophiques (1734) Candide (1759)

Question 33

What was the outcome of the English Civil War?

Answer 33

Execution of King Charles I (1649) 11 years of republican rule in England Establishment of Britain's first standing national army

Question 34

List the major battles of the English Civil War.

Answer 34

Edgehill Marston Moor Naseby Dunbar Roundheads(Oliver Cromwell) v Cavaliers

Question 35

Why were the Cavaliers called the Cavaliers and the Roundheads the Roundheads?

Answer 35

Cavaliers-flashy appearance Roundheads-close cropped hair

Question 36

What was the deposition of King James II and VII of England and Scotland?

Answer 36

The Glorious Revolution

Question 37

Why was the Glorious Revolution called the Glorious Revolution?

Answer 37

It was completed mostly without bloodshed

Question 38

What was the outcome of the Glorious Revolution?

Answer 38

Permanently established Parliament as the ruling power of England Shift from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy

Question 39

Pre revolution: economic injustice, social injustice (3rd estate, peasants, artisans, bourgeoisie) Which revolution does the above describe?

Answer 39

The French Revolution

Question 40

What were the causes of the French Revolution?

Answer 40

Estate System Absolutism Enlightenment Food shortages American Revolution

Question 41

What was the outcome of the French Revolution?

Answer 41

End to the French monarchy and feudalism Took political power from the Catholic church

Question 42

What was the first estate composed of?

Answer 42

Clergy

Question 43

What was the second estate composed of?

Answer 43

Nobility

Question 44

What was the third estate composed of?

Answer 44

Commoners

Question 45

What estate was the King a part of?

Answer 45

None

Question 46

How did the estates general conclude?

Answer 46

Third Estate formed into a National Assembly Outbreak of the French Revolution

Question 47

What was the role of the bourgeoisie in the French Revolution?

Answer 47

Overthrew the feudal aristocracy

Question 48

What does the following describe: public executions and mass killings of thousands of counter-revolutionary 'suspects.'

Answer 48

The Reign of Terror

Question 49

What were causes of the Reign of Terror?

Answer 49

Revolutionary War Fears of foreign invasion Rumours of counter-revolutionary activity Assassination plots Zealots in the government

Question 50

What is the following the outcome of: Robespierre was arrested and executed as were many of his fellow Jacobins.

Answer 50

The Reign of Terror

Question 51

_____ was arguably one of the most "revolutionary" regions of the world in the twentieth century. It registered four "great revolutions": Mexico 1910, Bolivia 1952, Cuba 1959, and Nicaragua 1979.

Answer 51

Latin America

Question 52

Mexico 1910, Bolivia 1952, Cuba 1959, and Nicaragua 1979 are all _____ revolutions.

Answer 52

Latin American

Question 53

List pros and cons of Napoleon.

Answer 53

Pros: Education Bank Napoleonic code (some rights to people) Cons: Lack of women’s and workers rights Tries to take over the world (good until he tries to take over russia, scorched torch policy)

Question 54

_____ made the authority of men over their families stronger, deprived women of any individual rights, and reduced the rights of illegitimate children.

Answer 54

The Napoleonic Code

Question 55

How was Napoleon viewed by Europeans?

Answer 55

He was idolized

Question 56

What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer 56

Provide a long-term peace plan for Europe

Question 57

Where were the Revolutions of 1848?

Answer 57

Beginning: Sicily Spreading to: France Germany Italy Austrian Empire

Question 58

The affranchis' frustrated aspirations, the brutality of slave owners, and inspiration from the French Revolution are causes of what?

Answer 58

The Hatian Revolution

Question 59

What was the outcome of the Hatian Revolution?

Answer 59

Haitian people won independence from France

Question 60

What caused the Tennis Coart Oath?