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Middle East > Test Review > Flashcards

Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

Riverbeds that remain dry except during the rainy seasons are-

A

Wadis

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2
Q

This is an area of extremely fertile land in the northeast. It is also known as a culture hearth as many civilizations formed here using the rivers and soil to their benefit

A

The Fertile Crescent

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3
Q

The eastern most year-round flowing river of the Fertile Crescent which supported several ancient civilizations is called the-

A

Tigris River

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4
Q

The western most year-round flowing river of the Fertile Crescent which supported many ancient civilizations is the-

A

Euphrates River

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5
Q

This River is a natural boundary between Israel and Jordan and also provided water for this section of the region.

A

Jordan River

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6
Q

This landlocked Israeli sea has a 31.5% salt level as a result of an old blockage to the sea outlet. It is so salty that only bacteria can live there. This sea is also the lowest place on earth.

A

Dead Sea

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7
Q

About 1/2 of the earths oil reserves are found here. Many countries depend on the oil collected here.

A

Southwest Asia, along and in the Persian Gulf

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8
Q

This valuable resource is useful in many ways, one of which being to provide power. It is plentiful in Turkey,Iran,Lebanon,and Afghanistan, but other areas are not so fortunate.

A

Water

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9
Q

A vast desert, also called the Empty Quarter or “place where no one comes out, approximately the size of Texas, on the Arabian Peninsula. Rainfall here is very rare and temperatures can exceed 150 degrees F

A

Rub al-Khali

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10
Q

A method of saving water by using small pipes just above ground that only drip as much water as the crop needs is called-

A

Drip Irrigation

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11
Q

The removal of salt from ocean water is called-

A

Desalinization

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12
Q

Water pumped from underground aquifers is called _______ because it has been in the aquifer for long periods of time. _________ has a very small chance at being replaced because it rains so little.

A

Fossil Water

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13
Q

The job of a _______ is to convert crude oil pumped from the ground into useful products.

A

Refinery

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14
Q

What is the PATIO group?

A 
Persians
Arabs
Turks
Israelis 
Others (Cypriots,Kurds,Azeri,Pashtuns)
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15
Q

What do Persians speak, and where do they reside?

A

Farsi

Iran/Persia

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16
Q

What do Arabs speak and where do they reside?

A

Arabic

21 countries in SW Asia and N Africa

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17
Q

What do Turks speak and where do they reside?

A

Turkish

Turkey

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18
Q

What do Israelis speak and where do they reside?

A

Hebrew

Israel

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19
Q

What do Cypriots speak and where do they reside?

A

Greek/Turkish

Cyprus

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20
Q

What do Kurds speak and where do they reside?

A

Kurdish

Iraq,Iran,Syria,Turkey

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21
Q

What do Azeri speak and where do they reside?

A

Azerbaijani

Turkey

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22
Q

What to Pashtuns speak and where do they reside?

A

Pashtu/Afghan/Persian

Afghanistan

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23
Q

What is the definition of theocratic?

A

Religious leaders control the government

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24
Q

Belief in one all powerful God is called-

A

Monotheistic

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25
Q

The ____ is a group to help members control the worldwide oil prices by adjusting oil prices and quotas. Members include Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE, Iran and Iraq and it was founded in 1960.

A

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

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26
Q

Jerusalem is important because—

A

It is a religious city of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism and therefore the site high tensions between all three religions

27
Q

The land controlled by Britain and is considered the Jewish homeland is called—–

A

Palestine

28
Q

What is Zionism?

A

A movement in the 19th century to create and support a Jewish homeland in Palestine

29
Q

Palestinians were mainly either ____ or _____.

A

Jewish or Arab

30
Q

A 1960s organization to regain land for Palestinian Arabs was the—

A

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

31
Q

Thousands died in the 1967 war when Syria and Israel fought over this hilly plateau overlooking the Jordan River and Sea of Galilee.

A

Golan Heights

32
Q

A territory along the Mediterranean Sea just northeast of the Sinai Peninsula occupied by Israel in the 1967 war.

A

Gaza Strip

33
Q

What are the three major religions in chronological order?

A

Judaism
Christianity
Islam

34
Q

A strip of land on the west side of the Jordan River.

A

West Bank

35
Q

One of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, differing from Shi’ite in its understanding of Sunna and its acceptance of the first three caliphs. This is the majority of Muslims

A

Sunni Muslims

36
Q

One of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Mohammad’s first true successor. This is the minority.

A

Shi’ite Muslims

37
Q

A nation of people without a land to legally occupy

A

Stateless Nation

Ex-Kurds

38
Q

A fundamentalist Muslim political group that imposed strict rules on people’s behavior

A

Taliban

39
Q

The “land between rivers” also called the Fertile Crescent

A

Mesopotamia

40
Q

What was the Jewish/Palestinian conflict?

A

The British government divided Palestine into two regions, but the Arabs were not happy with the division so they invaded to prevent the establishment of the state and lost. Hostilities still continue

41
Q

Who founded Islam?

A

Mohammad

42
Q

What is the religious book of Islam?

A

Koran

43
Q

What are the holy cities of Islam?

A

Mecca
Medina
Jerusalem

44
Q

Muslims worship in a—

A

Mosque

45
Q

The place where Muslims believe Mohammad rose into heaven…its in Jerusalem

A

Dome of The Rock

46
Q

Islam’s most sacred mosque located in Mecca

A

Ka’aba

47
Q

The followers of Islam are called

A

Muslims

48
Q

The Five Pillars are—

A 
Faith-Announce their faith publicly 
Prayer-Pray 5 times a day 
Charity-Give 2.5% of income to poor
Fasting-Fast during Ramadan
Pilgrimage-Visit Mecca at least once (Hajj)
49
Q

Who founded Judaism?

A

Abraham

50
Q

What is the Western Wall?

A

A piece of the second Jewish temple ever built that was destroyed by the Romans

51
Q

What is the holy city of Judaism?

A

Jerusalem

52
Q

What is Zionism?

A

The belief that the Jewish homeland should be in Palestine

53
Q

Jews worship in—

A

Synagogues

54
Q

A day of religious observance and abstinence practiced in Judaism from Friday evening to Saturday evening

A

Sabbath

55
Q

An old part of the city where the earliest Jewish temples were housed

A

Temple Mount

56
Q

Christianity was founded by

A

Jesus

57
Q

The holy book of Christianity is

A

The Bible

58
Q

The holy city of Christianity is

A

Jerusalem

59
Q

Christians worship in

A

Churches

60
Q

What is the purpose of the 10 commandments?

A

To set guidelines by which Christians are expected to live to get into heaven

61
Q

Main Christian rituals are—

A

Communion

Baptism

62
Q

The sepulcher in which Christ’s body lay between burial and resurrection is the–

A

Church of the Holy Sepulcher

63
Q

Nichole you suck

A

Jk I love you ❤️❤️❤️😘😘😘😘

Middle East (7 decks)

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