Test Review

Question 1

a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.

Answer 1

Republic

Question 2

a group of wealthy landowners who held most of the power.

Answer 2

Patrician

Question 3

an important group of common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population

Answer 3

Plebeian

Question 4

protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials.

Answer 4

Tribune

Question 5

two Roman officials that acted like kings; they commanded the army and directed the government; their power was limited.

Answer 5

Consul

Question 6

the aristocratic branch of Rome’s government; it had 300 members who were chosen from the upper class of Roman society.

Answer 6

Senate

Question 7

a leader who had absolute power to make laws for the common people

Answer 7

Dictator

Question 8

the large military unit that Roman soldiers were organized into

Answer 8

Legion

Question 9

The long struggle between Rome and Carthage that started in 264 B.C.

Answer 9

Punic Wars

Question 10

a brilliant military strategist

Answer 10

Hannibal

Question 11

the conflict between groups within the same country.

Answer 11

Civil War

Question 12

a military leader who eventually governed Rome as an absolute ruler

Answer 12

Julius Caesar

Question 13

a group of three rulers

Answer 13

Triumvirate

Question 14

an accepted “title” of Octavian; name means “exalted one.”

Answer 14

Augustus

Question 15

The period of peace and prosperity in Rome; “Roman Peace”

Answer 15

Pax Romana

Question 16

A Jew born in Bethlehem who publicly ministered his teachings, belief in one god and the principles of the Ten Commandments. He was considered the Messiah. It was from this belief that he came to be referred to as Jesus Christ. Christos is a Greek word meaning “messiah” or “savior”. The name Christianity was derived from Christ”.

Answer 16

Jesus

Question 17

Jesus’ twelve close followers

Answer 17

Apostle

Question 18

Paul was a Jewish man who had never met Jesus and at first, was an enemy of Christianity

Answer 18

Paul

Question 19

The dispersal of the Jews

Answer 19

Diaspora

Question 20

one of the Roman Emperors

Answer 20

Constantine

Question 21

a priest that supervised several local churches.

Answer 21

Bishop

Question 22

an apostle that traveled to Rome from Jerusalem and became the first bishop there.

Answer 22

Peter

Question 23

the father or head of the Christian Church.

Answer 23

Pope

Question 24

a drastic drop in the value of money coupled with a rise in prices

Answer 24

Inflation

Question 25

foreign soldiers who fought for money

Answer 25

Mercenary

Question 26

a strong-willed army leader, who became the new emperor around A.D. 284

Answer 26

Diocletian

Question 27

the new capital city that was eventually named after Constantine

Answer 27

Constantinople

Question 28

the powerful chieftain of the Hun

Answer 28

Attila

Question 29

the mixing of elements of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman culture into one; often called “classical civilization.”

Answer 29

Greco-Roman Culture

Question 30

a Roman town in which many examples of Roman paintings were found

Answer 30

Pompeii

Question 31

the poet that spent ten years writing the most famous work of Latin literature, the “Aeneid,” the epic of the legendary Aeneas.

Answer 31

Virgil

Question 32

a Roman historian, is notable among ancient historians because he presented the facts accurately

Answer 32

Tacitus

Question 33

designed by Roman engineers to bring water into cities and towns

Answer 33

Aqueduct