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Test Review Histroy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the philosophy that emphasizes moral integrity and social harmony in East Asia?

A

Confucianism

Confucianism has been a significant influence on East Asian cultures, shaping values related to family, respect for elders, and governance.

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2
Q

What policy did China implement to control population growth?

A

One Child Policy

This policy was enforced to limit families to one child, significantly impacting China’s demographics.

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3
Q

Who was the founding leader of the People’s Republic of China?

A

Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong was a key figure in Chinese history, leading the Communist Party and initiating major campaigns like the Great Leap Forward.

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4
Q

What catastrophic event involved the use of atomic bombs in Japan?

A

Hiroshima/Nagasaki

The bombings in August 1945 played a crucial role in the conclusion of World War II.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a significant campaign aimed at rapid industrialization and collectivization in China.

A

Great Leap Forward

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6
Q

What term describes the traditional Japanese female entertainers skilled in performing arts? Translates to Art Person

A

Geisha

Geishas are known for their cultural performances, including music, dance, and conversation.

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7
Q

What was the historical period characterized by the rule of emperors and the rise of centralized power in China?

A

Qin Dynasty

The Qin Dynasty is known for unifying China and establishing the first centralized imperial government.

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8
Q

What is the significance of the Mandate of Heaven in Chinese history?

A

It justifies the rule of the emperor as divinely ordained

This concept was used to legitimize the authority of rulers and explain the rise and fall of dynasties.

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9
Q

True or False: Isolationism refers to a country’s policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups.

A

True

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10
Q

What is the name of the cultural and political ideology that has shaped North Korea under its leaders?

A

Juche

Juche emphasizes self-reliance and independence in political, economic, and military affairs.

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11
Q

What are the Four Noble Truths central to Buddhism?

A
  • Life is suffering
  • The cause of suffering is desire
  • The cessation of suffering is attainable
  • The path to the cessation of suffering is the Eightfold Path
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12
Q

What was the impact of the Vietnam War on Southeast Asia?

A

It led to significant political, social, and economic changes in the region

The Vietnam War had lasting effects on Vietnam and neighboring countries, influencing their politics and economies.

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a region known for its biodiversity and ecological significance in Australia.

A

Great Barrier Reef

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14
Q

Who were the Khmer Rouge?

A

A communist regime in Cambodia known for its genocide

The Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, ruled Cambodia from 1975 to 1979, resulting in the deaths of millions.

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15
Q

What is the term for the indigenous peoples of Australia?

A

Aboriginal Peoples of Australia

Aboriginal peoples have a rich cultural heritage and have lived in Australia for tens of thousands of years.

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16
Q

What does the term ‘Ring of Fire’ refer to?

A

A major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur

It is a horseshoe-shaped zone of high seismic activity.

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17
Q

What impact did urbanization have on Southeast Asia?

A
  • Increased migration to cities
  • Changes in social structures
  • Economic growth in urban areas
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18
Q

What is the significance of the Treaty of Waitangi?

A

It is considered New Zealand’s founding document

The treaty was signed in 1840 between the British Crown and Māori chiefs.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ crisis refers to the humanitarian situation involving the Rohingya people in Myanmar.

A

Rohingya refugee

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20
Q

What are the major characteristics of economies in Southeast Asia?

A
  • Resource diversity
  • Trade relationships
  • Varied levels of economic development
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21
Q

Who was Aung San Suu Kyi?

A

A political leader and Nobel laureate from Myanmar

She is known for her pro-democracy activism and leadership role in Myanmar’s politics.

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22
Q

What is the role of tourism in Oceania?

A

It significantly impacts the economies and cultures of the region

Tourism can lead to economic growth but also raises concerns about environmental sustainability.

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23
Q

True or False: Antarctica is claimed by multiple countries.

A

False

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24
Q

What are the main islands of Oceania?

A
  • Melanesia
  • Micronesia
  • Polynesia
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25
What does the term 'sweatshops' refer to?
Factories where workers are employed at very low wages under poor conditions ## Footnote Sweatshops are often associated with the garment industry in Southeast Asia.
26
What are the push and pull factors affecting populations in Southeast Asia?
* Economic opportunities * Political instability * Environmental conditions
27
What is the main religion associated with Japan?
Shintoism ## Footnote Shintoism is a traditional religion of Japan focused on ritual practices and the worship of kami (spirits).
28
What major political movement occurred in China that aimed to preserve communist ideology?
Cultural Revolution ## Footnote The Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) was initiated by Mao Zedong to reinforce communist beliefs and remove capitalist elements from Chinese society.
29
Which dynasty is known for its significant contributions to Chinese culture and governance?
Han Dynasty ## Footnote The Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) is often considered a golden age in Chinese history, known for advancements in technology, culture, and trade.
30
What is the significance of Pearl Harbor in World War II?
Surprise attack on the US naval base ## Footnote The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, led to the United States' entry into World War II.
31
What were the cities targeted during the atomic bombings in World War II?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki ## Footnote Hiroshima was bombed on August 6, 1945, and Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, leading to Japan's surrender.
32
Who are the leaders associated with North Korea's ruling dynasty?
Kim Il-Sung, Kim Jong-il, Kim Jong-un, Kim Yo-jong ## Footnote This family has maintained a dynastic rule in North Korea since its establishment.
33
What is the title given to the military leaders in feudal Japan?
Shogun ## Footnote Shoguns were the de facto rulers of Japan, holding power over the emperor and the samurai class.
34
Who was Genghis Khan?
Founder of the Mongol Empire ## Footnote Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes and established one of the largest empires in history during the 13th century.
35
What is anime?
Japanese animated film and television style ## Footnote Anime encompasses a wide range of genres and is characterized by colorful artwork and vibrant characters.
36
What is the Eightfold Path in Buddhism?
A guide to ethical and mental development ## Footnote The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices that lead to enlightenment and the cessation of suffering.
37
What is the Khmer Empire known for?
A powerful state in Southeast Asia ## Footnote The Khmer Empire was known for its monumental architecture, including the famous Angkor Wat temple.
38
What is the primary religion practiced in Myanmar?
Buddhism ## Footnote Buddhism is the predominant religion in Myanmar, influencing its culture and society.
39
What challenges does the environment pose to Oceania's people?
Ecological and economic challenges ## Footnote Issues such as climate change, natural disasters, and resource management impact the livelihoods of Oceania's inhabitants.
40
What was the role of Australia as a penal colony?
A place for British convicts ## Footnote Australia was established as a penal colony in the late 18th century to alleviate overcrowded prisons in Britain.
41
What is the DMZ?
Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea ## Footnote The DMZ is a buffer zone established by the Korean Armistice Agreement in 1953.
42
What is a major economic difference between Vietnam and Indonesia?
Economic growth in Vietnam vs. decline in Indonesia ## Footnote Vietnam has experienced rapid economic growth, while Indonesia has faced various economic challenges.
43
What is the Rohingya refugee crisis?
A humanitarian crisis involving the Rohingya people ## Footnote The Rohingya, a Muslim minority in Myanmar, have faced persecution and violence, leading to mass displacement.
44
What is the significance of understanding North Korea's entry policies for Americans?
Implications for diplomacy and travel ## Footnote The restrictions and regulations affect American citizens' ability to visit and engage with North Korea.
45
What characterized the economies of Southeast Asian countries?
Struggles and successes in economic development ## Footnote Southeast Asia has diverse economies, with some like Singapore thriving while others face significant challenges.
46
What is the impact of East Asia’s geography on the development of East Asian civilizations?
Geography significantly influenced trade routes, agricultural practices, and cultural exchanges.
47
What impact has communism had on North Korea?
Communism has led to a centralized economy, strict government control, and isolation from much of the world.
48
What are the key components of the economies of East Asian countries like South Korea and Japan?
Key components include resources, trade, and industries.
49
What is the significance of Kim Jong-un’s reign in North Korea?
His reign has been marked by continued nuclear development, human rights issues, and a complex relationship with the US and China.
50
How do traditional and modern influences shape the cultures of East Asia?
Cultures are shaped by historical traditions, contemporary global trends, and technological advancements.
51
What is Indochina?
Indochina is a region in Southeast Asia that includes Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
52
What is the significance of Indonesia in Southeast Asia?
Indonesia is the largest archipelago nation and has a diverse culture and economy.
53
What role does Buddhism play in Southeast Asia?
Buddhism influences cultural practices, social norms, and religious beliefs in many Southeast Asian countries.
54
What are the key characteristics of the political, economic, and cultural landscape of Oceania?
Characteristics include diverse governance systems, varying economic structures, and rich cultural traditions.
55
What is the Outback?
The Outback refers to the vast, remote interior of Australia.
56
What is Tatau?
Tatau is a traditional Polynesian tattooing practice with cultural significance.
57
What is the political system that emphasizes collective ownership and the absence of social classes?
Communism ## Footnote Communism advocates for a classless society where resources are communally owned.
58
Which Chinese dynasty is known for its cultural and economic prosperity from 1368 to 1644?
Ming Dynasty ## Footnote The Ming Dynasty is noted for its trade expansion and cultural achievements.
59
Who was the Mongolian leader known for uniting the Mongol tribes and establishing the Mongol Empire?
Genghis Khan ## Footnote Genghis Khan's real name was Temujin, and he became known for his military strategies.
60
What title refers to the military ruler in Japan during the feudal period?
Shogun ## Footnote The shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, with the emperor serving as a figurehead.
61
Which region is referred to as Southeast Asia?
Myanmar ## Footnote Myanmar is a country located in Southeast Asia, formerly known as Burma.
62
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a period of Chinese history characterized by the rule of the Ming Dynasty.
Ming Dynasty
63
True or False: Genghis Khan was primarily known for his peaceful diplomacy.
False ## Footnote Genghis Khan is known for his military conquests and the establishment of the Mongol Empire.
64
What is the role of a shogun in Japanese history?
Military ruler with significant power ## Footnote The shogun held military and political authority over Japan.
65
List three regions mentioned in the text.
* East Asia * Southeast Asia * Oceania

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