Testicular Cancer Flashcards
(13 cards)
How would you classify testicular cancers and what is the respective proportion of each type?
Germ Cell tumours
- Seminoma
- Non-seminoma
Non Germ Cell tumours
What are examples of non-seminoma germ cell tumours?
Teratoma
Yolk sac tumour
Embryonic carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
What hormone do seminomas normally produce?
B-hCG
What hormone do non-seminoma germ cell tumours produce?
AFP
What are some examples of non-germ cell tumours
Sertoli cell
Leydig cell
Sarcomas
What are some risk factors for testicular cancer? Give 4
Infertility Cryptorchidism Klinefelter syndrome Family history of testicular cancer Mumps orchitis White ethnicity
What are some tumour markers to test for? Which one predicts prognosis?
AFP
B-hCG
LDH
LDH predicts prognosis
What are some features of testicular cancer?
Painless, growing lump in testis
Secondary hydrocele
Gynaecomastia
What is the 1st line investigation of testicular cancer?
Ultrasound
What are 2 scoring systems for testicular cancer?
AJCC scoring system
Royal Marsden Scoring System
Outline briefly the types of oncological treatment for seminomas and non-seminomas
Seminoma - radiotherapy
Non-seminoma - chemotherapy
What is the surgical procedure for testicular cancer and what technique should be done to prevent seeding of tumour cells?
Inguinal orchiectomy (orchidectomy) - done via inguinal approach to prevent seeding
Which lymph nodes does testicular cancer commonly metastasise to?
Para-aortic lymph nodes
