TETIKS (P1): Introduction

Question 1

_____ is a branch of philosophy that studies morality or the rightness or wrongness of human conduct

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

‘Ethics’ is derived from the Greek _____

Answer 2

Ethos

Question 3

‘Ethics’ is derived from the Greek ethos, which means _____ (singular) or _____ (plural)

Answer 3

Character (singular), manners (plural)

Question 4

_____ is also called moral philosophy

Answer 4

Ethics

Question 5

_____ evaluates moral concepts, values, principles, and standards

Answer 5

Ethics

Question 6

(T or F) Morality is a normative study of human actions

Answer 6

False (Ethics instead of morality)

Question 7

_____ is a code or system of behavior in regards to standards of right or wrong behavior

Answer 7

Morality

Question 8

_____ are explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct within a specific activity or sphere

Answer 8

Rules

Question 9

Rules serves as a foundation for any healthy society because without it, society would likely fall into _____

Answer 9

Anarchy

Question 10

What statement is this under?: Rules build boundaries that place limits on behavior

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 10

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior

Question 11

What statement is this under?: Rules are usually coupled with means to impose consequences on those who violate them

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 11

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior

Question 12

What statement is this under?: People follow rules to avoid negative consequences

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 12

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior

Question 13

What statement is this under?: Rules on divisions of power and checks and balances further protect individual liberty

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 13

B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom

Question 14

What statement is this under?: Rules form frameworks for society

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 14

B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom

Question 15

What statement is this under?: Rules are needed in order to keep the strong from dominating the weak (to prevent exploitation and domination)

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 15

C. Rules produce a sense of justice

Question 16

What statement is this under?: Rules generate a stable system that provides justice, in which even the richest and most powerful have limitations on what they can do

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 16

C. Rules produce a sense of justice

Question 17

What statement is this under?: Rules ensure product safety, employee safety, and product quality

A. Rules protect social beings by regulating behavior
B. Rules help guarantee certain rights and freedom
C. Rules produce a sense of justice
D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Answer 17

D. Rules are essential for a healthy economic system

Question 18

(T or F) Without rules regulating business, power would centralize around monopolies, but will strengthen the competitiveness of the system

Answer 18

False (Absence of rules would not strengthen, but would THREATEN the strength and competitiveness of the system)

Question 19

_____ and _____ help protect people’s intellectual property

Answer 19

Copyright and patents

Question 20

(T or F) Rules and regulations also keep the banking system stable so as to avoid _____

Answer 20

Depression

Question 21

(T or F) All rules are moral rules, all standards are moral standards

Answer 21

False (Not all)

Question 22

(T or F) Standards are concerned with human behavior, especially the distinction between good and bad or right and wrong) behavior

Answer 22

False (Moral standards)

Question 23

(T or F) Some ethicists equate moral standards with moral values and moral principles

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Rules UNRELATED to moral or ethical considerations

Answer 24

Non-moral standards

Question 25

(T or F) By nature, non-moral standards do not lack ethical sense

Answer 25

False (They lack ethical sense)

Question 26

Moral or nonmoral standard?: Etiquette

Answer 26

Nonmoral standard

Question 27

Moral or nonmoral standard?: Religious rules

Answer 27

Nonmoral standards (though they can be ethically relevant depending on some factors and contexts)

Question 28

(T or F) Moral standards involve serious wrongs or significant benefits

Answer 28

True

Question 29

(T or F) Moral standards may not be preferred to other values.

Answer 29

False (They OUGHT TO BE preferred)

Question 30

(T or F) Moral standards are established by authority figures

Answer 30

False (they are NOT established by authority figures)

Question 31

Moral standards have the trait of universalizability.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

(T or F) Moral standards are based on partial considerations.

Answer 32

False (Based on IMPARTIAL considerations)

Question 33

(T or F) Moral standards are associated with special emotions and vocabulary

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Moral standards have overriding or _____ authority

Answer 34

Hegemonic (dominant authority over other standards)

Question 35

(T or F) Moral standards do not always take precedence over other considerations, including aesthetic, prudential, and even legal ones

Answer 35

False (they ALWAYS take precedence over other considerations)

Question 36

When a particular law becomes seriously immoral, one’s moral duty is to exercise _____

Answer 36

Civil disobedience

Question 37

Principle which states: "Do unto others what you would them do unto you (if you were in their shoes)"

Answer 37

Golden Rule

Question 38

_____ states that one ought to be consistent about one's value judgments

Answer 38

Extension of the principle of consistency

Question 39

_____ is usually depicted as being free of bias or prejudice

Answer 39

Impartiality

Question 40

_____ indicates the practical or action-guiding nature of moral standards

Answer 40

Prescriptivity

Question 41

(Impartiality or Prescriptivity): Used to evaluate behavior, to assign praise and blame, and to produce feelings of satisfaction or of guilt

Answer 41

Prescriptivity

Question 42

_____ a situation in which a tough choice has to be made between two or more options, especially more or less equally undesirable ones

Answer 42

Dilemma

Question 43

(T or F) Not all dilemmas are moral dilemmas

Answer 43

True

Question 44

_____ are situations in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails transgressing a moral principle

Answer 44

Ethical or Moral dilemmas

Question 45

What is the difference between dilemma and moral dilemma?

Answer 45

Moral dilemmas require conflicts between moral requirements, ordinary dilemmas do not.

Question 46

Two key features of moral dilemma:

Answer 46

1. The agent is required to do each of two (or more) actions 2. The agent can do each of the actions; but the agent cannot do both (or all) of the actions

Question 47

(T or F) When one of the conflicting moral requirements overrides the other, the case is still 'genuine moral dilemma'

Answer 47

False (not a genuine moral dilemma)

Question 48

_____ are moral dilemmas experienced and resolved on the personal level

Answer 48

Personal dilemmas

Question 49

_____ are moral dilemmas encountered and resolved by social organizations

Answer 49

Organizational dilemmas

Question 50

_____ are moral dilemmas involving network of institutions and operative theoretical paradigms

Answer 50

Structural dilemmas

Question 51

(T or F) Structural dilemmas are larger in scope as compared to organizational dilemmas

Answer 51

True

Question 52

(T or F) Only human beings are rational, autonomous, and self-conscious

Answer 52

True

Question 53

(T or F) Only human beings can act morally or immorally

Answer 53

True

Question 54

(T or F) Humans and animals are part of the moral community.

Answer 54

False (Humans only)

Question 55

(T or F) Morality is a question of choice

Answer 55

True

Question 56

_____ is the foundation of morality

Answer 56

Freedom

Question 57

Since freedom is the foundation of morality, _____ can be said to define our specific ‘morality.'

Answer 57

The sum of our choices

Question 58

He holds that moral judgments must be backed by sound reasoning and that morality requires the impartial consideration of all parties involved.

Answer 58

James Rachels

Question 59

These compose the "minimum conception" or requirement for morality

Answer 59

Reason and impartiality

Question 60

_____ entails that human feelings may be important in ethical decisions, but they ought to be guided by it

Answer 60

Reason

Question 61

_____ helps us to evaluate whether our feelings and intuitions about moral cases are correct and defensible

Answer 61

Sound reasoning

Question 62

_____ involves the idea that each individual's interests and point of view are equally important

Answer 62

Impartiality

Question 63

_____ is also called evenhandedness or fair-mindedness

Answer 63

Impartiality