textile fibres and fabrics

Question 2

What are textile materials?

Answer 2

Textile materials can be found naturally or can be formed synthetically. They can be processed into different forms such as rolls, yarns, or fibres.

Question 3

What are natural fibres?

Answer 3

Natural fibres come from plants or animals. They are easily renewable and biodegradable.

Question 4

List three types of natural fibres.

Answer 4

• Cotton
• Wool
• Silk

Question 5

Describe the physical properties of cotton.

Answer 5

Grows on a cotton plant in a ball called a boll, fibres are combed and spun into a yarn.

Question 6

What are the working properties of cotton?

Answer 6

Takes dye well, soft, strong, absorbent, recyclable, used in clothing.

Question 7

What is wool spun from?

Answer 7

Wool is spun from animal fleece such as sheep and alpacas.

Question 8

Describe two working properties of wool.

Answer 8

Can be fine or thick, soft or coarse, takes dye well, warm and crease-resistant, used in clothing and carpets.

Question 9

From which insect is silk made?

Answer 9

Silk is made from the cocoon of the silkworm.

Question 10

What is unique about silk compared to other natural fibres?

Answer 10

Silk is the only natural fibre that has continuous filament fibres rather than shorter staple fibres.

Question 11

List three properties of silk.

Answer 11

• Soft and shiny
• Drapes well
• Difficult to wash

Question 12

True or False: Silk is used in luxury clothes, underwear, and bedding.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Natural fibres are easily _______ and _______.

Answer 13

renewable
biodegradable

Question 14

What are the challenges associated with silk?

Answer 14

Expensive, creases easily.

Question 15

Synthetic fibres are made mainly from _______ and oil refined into polymers

Answer 15

non-renewable coal

Synthetic fibres originate from non-renewable resources, making them less sustainable.

Question 16

What is a key characteristic of synthetic fibres?

Answer 16

They do not degrade easily

This characteristic contributes to environmental concerns associated with synthetic fibres.

Question 17

What are the physical properties of polyester?

Answer 17

Can be woven or knitted, thick or thin, available in a variety of colours, can be blended with other fibres

Polyester is versatile and adaptable for various uses.

Question 18

What are the working properties of nylon (polyamide)?

Answer 18

Shiny, water resistant, hardwearing

Nylon is commonly used in items requiring durability, such as parachutes and sports equipment.

Question 19

Elastane is known for being _______ and quick drying

Answer 19

smooth and stretchy

Elastane is frequently used in sportswear and swimsuits due to its elasticity.

Question 20

What are the physical properties of acrylic?

Answer 20

Appears similar to wool, lightweight, soft and warm, comes in different colours

Acrylic is favored for its wool-like qualities and versatility.

Question 21

What are the working properties of polycotton?

Answer 21

Easy to wash, cheaper than cotton

Polycotton combines the benefits of both polyester and cotton.

Question 22

Woven fabrics use a _______ and weft yarn on a loom to interlock fibres

Answer 22

warp

This interlocking process is fundamental to fabric weaving.

Question 23

What are the characteristics of plain weave fabrics?

Answer 23

Simple and cheap, strong, available in different thicknesses, rips in a straight line when torn

Plain weave is one of the most basic and commonly used weaving techniques.

Question 24

What are the working properties of acrylic?

Answer 24

Easy to wash, retains its shape, good resistance to chemicals, insects, and sunlight

These properties contribute to acrylic’s wide application in various products.

Question 25

What is the main advantage of blended fibres?

Answer 25

Combine properties ## Footnote Blended fibres leverage the strengths of different materials for improved performance.