Textual Variations

Question 1

Lexical words

Answer 1

relate directly to objects, ideas, actions and description. They have a definable meaning.

Question 2

Function words

Answer 2

have a grammatical purpose but do not carry the same level of meaning/information

Question 3

Nouns

Answer 3

Name of something. People, places, objects

Question 4

Proper nouns

Answer 4

Names of people, organisations and places. Have capital letters.

Question 5

Common nouns

Answer 5

Collective, Abstract, Concrete

Question 6

Collective noun

Answer 6

swarm, flack, group

Question 7

Abstract noun

Answer 7

love, air, jealousy

Question 8

Concrete noun

Answer 8

table, chair, notepad

Question 9

When something is promoted positively or negatively.

Answer 9

Positive and Negative Connotations

Question 10

Comparative adjective

Answer 10

comparing one thing to another

Question 11

Superlative adjective

Answer 11

compares to the highest degree

Question 12

Verbs

Answer 12

a doing word

a base term of a verb is infinitive. It hasn’t got a specific time or place.

Question 13

Descriptive adjective

Answer 13

an ajective that describes a noun e.g heavy, red, soft

Question 14

Evaluative adjective

Answer 14

an adjective with an implicit degree of judgement or bias e.g good, bad

Question 15

Emotive adjective

Answer 15

an adjective with an explicit degree of judgment or bias e.g fantastic, terrible

Question 16

Phrasal verb

Answer 16

verbs in two parts with an attached prepositon or adverb e.g tuck in, run away

Question 17

Adverb of Manner

Answer 17

describes verbs e.g slowly, weirdly, happily, softly

Question 18

Adverb of Degree (intensifier)

Answer 18

modify adjectives and indicate a degree of force or emphasis e.g very, really

Question 19

Adverb of Frequency

Answer 19

state how often e.g always, sometimes, never

Question 20

Adverb of Time

Answer 20

state when e.g tomorrow, last year

Question 21

Declarative sentence function

Answer 21

make a statement e.g. I like crisps ( + exclamation mark for an exclamatory sentence)

Question 22

Imperative sentence function

Answer 22

offer a command or advice/invitation e.g don’t eat them but do enjoy studying them

Question 23

Interrogative sentence function

Answer 23

ask questions e.g how often do you eat junk food?

Question 24

Minor sentence

Answer 24

a sentence without a subject/verb e.g lovely crisps

Question 25

Simple sentence

Answer 25

a sentence with one main clause e.g I like crisps

Question 26

Compound sentence

Answer 26

a sentence with two main clauses joined by a coordinate conjunction e.g I like crisps but I don't eat them often

Question 27

Complex sentence

Answer 27

a sentence with a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses joined by a subordinate conjunction e.g I like crisps because of all the different flavours

Question 28

Dynamic verb

Answer 28

refers to an action e.g Jim cried like a baby

Question 29

Stative verb

Answer 29

express a condition or state e.g Sarah HATES cheese

Question 30

Primary auxiliaries

Answer 30

to be, to have to do

Question 31

9 modal auxiliaries (expressing the necessity or probability of something happening)

Answer 31

``` can could shall would will would must may might ```

Question 32

Connotative language

Answer 32

used to represent our opinion and attitudes, this can create biased views

Question 33

graphology

Answer 33

what the text looks like e.g colours, font

Question 34

Formal and Informal

Answer 34

what the text is like e.g causal or serious

Question 35

speech 'er'

Answer 35

non-verbal filler

Question 36

synthetic personalisation

Answer 36

addressing a mass audience as if they were individuals

Question 37

Onomatopoeia

Answer 37

crunch, bang

Question 38

Prepositions

Answer 38

to, onto, into, against

Question 39

Tag question

Answer 39

it was good wasn't it

Question 40

Speaker nomination

Answer 40

Tony, what do you think of this idea

Question 41

Paralinguistic language

Answer 41

it's great to see you [arms out smiling]

Question 42

Emphatic stress

Answer 42

you said WHAT to her

Question 43

Elision

Answer 43

wassup, mate

Question 44

Adjacency pairs

Answer 44

A: any good? B: quite good yeah

Question 45

Deixis/ deictic language

Answer 45

pass us that over here can you

Question 46

Pre modify

Answer 46

an adjective that you put in front of a noun e.g blue sky

Question 47

Future tense verb

Answer 47

I will...

Question 48

Written or Spoken text

Answer 48

``` planned or unplanned formal or informal transactional (convo for set purpose) or interactional (social) delayed or immediate distant or close standard or non-standard permanent or ephemeral ```

Question 49

Direct address

Answer 49

directed directly at the reader/audience

Question 50

Assertion

Answer 50

because we're worth it

Question 51

Neologism

Answer 51

a new word e.g temptational

Question 52

Topics to analyse

Answer 52

``` Content Audience Mode Genre Purpose ```

Question 53

Hypernym

Answer 53

a broad category e.g Pet

Question 54

Hyponym

Answer 54

a specific thing e.g Pony

Question 55

Syntax

Answer 55

word order

Question 56

Amelioration

Answer 56

to make something better e.g hope this will help

Question 57

Acronym

Answer 57

NASA