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History Unit 1 > Thatcher - top 5 > Flashcards

Thatcher - top 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What year did supply side economics begin

A

1983

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2
Q

What were the benefits of supply side economics for gvt

A
  • Have a reason and incentive to work
  • encourages competition
  • limits trade unions
    -cuts welfare to save public money (rich shouldn’t pay for poor)
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3
Q

What was inflation at in 1979

A

14%

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4
Q

What was monetarism

A

Inflation was caused my amount of money in economy so she cuts gvt spending and makes higher interest rates

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5
Q

How much did manufacturing fall in 1980-81

A

14%

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6
Q

How much did inflation rise by in 1980

A

22%

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7
Q

How many were unemployed in 1982

A

3 million

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8
Q

What figures show there was no change in inflation rates between 1979 and 1990

A

I979 - 10.3%
1990 - 10.9%

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9
Q

What year did the national oil corporation get privatised

A

1982

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10
Q

What were the effects of privatising the British National oil corporation

A

Seen as a step to far for people - she squandered a national asset for short term gain

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11
Q

What is popular capitalism

A

Belief that everyone should own property and shares in companies

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12
Q

What year did British Gas get privatised

A

1986

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13
Q

How much did selling British Gas raise

A

£5.4 billion

Sold cheaply to encourage normal people to buy shares

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14
Q

How much money was raised by privatisation

A

£19 million which made up for the tax cuts

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15
Q

How much did shareholding go up

A

From 3 mill in 79 to 11 mill 90s

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16
Q

What were the perks of selling off British telecoms

A

The waiting time for service was shortened from 6 months to 15 mins improving customer service

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17
Q

I’m 1990 what percentage of shareholders were individuals

A

20%

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18
Q

What percentage of unskilled men owned shares

A

9%

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19
Q

How many professional men owned shares

A

Half of all professional men

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20
Q

How many jobs were lost due to the privatisation of coal

A

200,000 jobs

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21
Q

What is deregulation

A

Removal of rules and regulations to encourage innovation and competition

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22
Q

What did the 1980 budget do

A

Made top rate income tax be cut from 83% to 60%

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23
Q

What did the 1988 budget do

A

Basic rate income tax was cut from 29% to 25% and the higher rate was cut to 40%

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24
Q

How much did the average tav bill rise between 1979 to 90

A

6%

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25
Q

Why was there a decline in tax avoidance schemes

A

Cuz people thought they had less tax to pay however they rose indirect tax so top 5% still paid as much tax in 1988 with 40% income tax as they did at 83%

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26
Q

What did the 1980 employment act do

A

Ended ‘closed shops’ and sympathy strikes

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27
Q

What did the 1982 employment act

A

Unions could be sieud for illegal strike actions

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28
Q

What did the 1984 employment act

A

Strikes had to be approved by a majority of union members in a secret ballot

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29
Q

What years was the miner strike

A

1984 - 85

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30
Q

What was Scargills disapproval rate

A

79%

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31
Q

How much did trade union memberships fall between 79-90

A

15.5 mill in 1979 to 10 mill in 90s

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32
Q

How many days were lost to strike action between 1980 to 84

A

10.5 mill

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33
Q

How many days were lost in 90-94 due to strikes

A

0.8 million

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34
Q

How was the nation divided due to miner strikes ? Gvt vs miners

A

Gvt 65% miners 35%

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35
Q

how many civil servants were there originally before Thatchers job cuts

A

732000

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36
Q

what is MINIS

A

allowed the minister of environment to closely monitor the cost and inefficiencies of workers cut the unwanted

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37
Q

how many of the minter of environments workers where fired in 3 years

A

1/4

38
Q

by 1988 how many civil servants were sacked?
and how much did this save the gvt?

A

22.5%
£1 billion

39
Q

what did the 1985 local gvt act allow

A

allowed Thatcher to abolish councils that fought against her.
cut gvt spending on local councils from 60% to 49% and introduced rate caps to stop dependency and the councils plugging the holes left by thatcher’s benefits scheme.

40
Q

what local council did thatcher cripple

A

Greater London council

41
Q

what did the poll tax do

A

made the poor and rich pay the same depending on how many people lived in your house. this paid for local services. - didn’t go down well.

42
Q

what was the right to buy act 1980

A

aimed to stop reliance on local gvt by cutting gvt spending on property maintenance. allowed people to by council houses at a a discounted price - poorest in society found it harder to get housing.

43
Q

how many houses where bought due to the right to buy scheme

A

204,000

44
Q

between 1980-87 how much did spending on the nhs rise

A

60%

45
Q

what was the 1989 ‘working for the patients’

A

the internal; market of a hospital, made to be more a business with quality of care decreasing and cost of mangers rising.

46
Q

how much did spending on nhs mangers rise to

A

£383.8 million from £25.7 million

47
Q

in 1996 how many nhs trusts where in debt

A

34

48
Q

how many beds where lost in 1990-94

A

2%

49
Q

how much did gvt spending on the nhs rise to by 1996

A

from 12% in 1979 to 15% in 1996

50
Q

what did the 1988 education act do

A

made the national curriculum compulsory

51
Q

what year did the new syllabus come out

A

1986

52
Q

how were schools made into businesses after the 1988 education act (3 examples)

A

key stages with examinations at the end
results of test used in leauge tables
parnets to hold school to standards look at which school is the best

53
Q

what are the negatives to the schools being ran like a business due to the 1988 education act

A

the better schools became over subscribed
the prices of housing in the catchment areas for these schools rose making it harder for the poorest in society to go to good schools.

54
Q

how many seats did Scotland give conservatives in 1979

A

21 seats

55
Q

how many seats did conservatives win in Scotland in 1997

A

0 seats

56
Q

what lead to voting turnout falling due to thatcher

A

thatchers use of outside advisers rather then career civil servants.

57
Q

how many politicans had uni degrees in 1918 compared to 2010

A

rose from 40% to 75%

58
Q

what fraction of labour MPs from manual worker background in 1945

A

1/3

59
Q

what fraction of labour MPs from manual worker background in 2010

A

1/10

60
Q

how much did the bottom 10% save in terms how much they spend on income tax in 1989

A

£400 million

61
Q

how much has legal backgrounds of mps declined since 1979- 97

A

70% to 30%

62
Q

how much did the top 10% save in terms of income tax in 1989

A

£9.3

63
Q

how much did income support fall by the end of thatcher

A

61% to 53%

64
Q

what percentage of pensioners where on poverty line by the end of thacther

A

from 13% to 43%

65
Q

how much did average income increase for the rich in 1979- 92

A

61%

66
Q

how much did the poor income tax decrease in 1779- 92

A

18%

67
Q

what percentage of middel class votedconservative in 1987

A

55%

68
Q

what was the impact of middel class voters being divided in terms of voting conseratives in 1987

A

it was the lowest number of voters from the middle class towards conservatives since 1918

69
Q

what ares got richer regional in thatchers time

A

london and se

70
Q

what where enterprise zones

A

private ares where firms recieved gvt funding to move to the north and generate econmic growth.

71
Q

what was heaths u-turn

A

where heath did the opposite of his manifesto and u turned on his orginal ideas

72
Q

how did thatcher americanise politics

A

Conferences, media

73
Q

how did john major follow thatcher

A

privatisaton of rail, lower tax,

74
Q

what year did rail get privitised by major

A

1994- 97

75
Q

how much was basic income tax reduced to by the end of major

A

25% to 23% 1997

76
Q

what percentage of MPs educated at public schools between 74-87

A

75% to 66

77
Q

why did the education on mps have an impact on conseravtive party

A

meant they looked less posh and looked relateble to middle class voters

78
Q

how many female mps where there at the start and end of thatcher

A

19 to 41

79
Q

What statistics made it clear to labour that they needed to change

A

1983 they only got 28% of votes

80
Q

what was labour 1983 manifesto called

A

longest suicide note in history

81
Q

why did the labours 1983 manifesto not go down well

A

looked out of touch - looney left
proposed ideas that didnt help the british eg scapping nucleur weapons, and withdrawal from EEC instead of high unemployment and riot help.

82
Q

who was micheal foot

A

the leader of labour in 1980s

83
Q

why was michael foot disliked

A

seen as a scruffy socialist who wasnt able to appeal to the orindary voter

84
Q

how did the right to buy act 1980 affect labours voters

A

60% of their voters now voted for cons due to the aspiration WC

85
Q

what was the ‘gang of four’

A

1981 labour members breaking away ad making the SDP making labour have another opponant

86
Q

how did thatcher describe Tony Blair

A

her greatest legacy

87
Q

how did Blair change labour into a thatcher mould

A

ending and rejecting nationalism
continuing low taxation
embracing the free market
limiting tu power

88
Q

how did labour stay somewhat different to conservatives in the 1990s

A

promoted inclusiveness
equal distribuation of opportunies rather than wealth, committed to the mininum wage of 1988, invested in education

89
Q

what merged to make the liveral democrats in 1983

A

liberals + SDP

90
Q

why did liberals and SDP merge in 1983

A

SDP unable to capitalise and a need for a central left party

91
Q

what were the liberal democrates about in the 1980s

A

pro european and seen as socially liberal

History Unit 1 (2 decks)

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