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3Bi - I MEO > The 5 Kingdoms of Life > Flashcards

The 5 Kingdoms of Life Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms of life?

A

Animal
Plant
Fungi
Protoctista
Bacteria

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2
Q

Which of the 5 kingdoms have eukaryotic cells?

A

Animal
Plant
Fungi
Protoctista

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3
Q

Which of the 5 kingdoms have prokaryotic cells?

A

Bacteria

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4
Q

What is the definition of a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell with membrane bound organelles - especially a proper nucleus

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5
Q

Which kingdoms contain only multi cellular organisms?

A

Plants and animals

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6
Q

Which kingdom contains both multicellular and single celled organisms?

A

Fungi

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7
Q

Which is the only kingdom that has cells with no cell wall?

A

Animal

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8
Q

What is the cell wall of a plant cell made from?

A

Cellulose

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9
Q

What is the cell wall of a fungal cell made from?

A

Chitin

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10
Q

What is autotrphic nutrition?

A

Making your own food - e.g. photosynthesis

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11
Q

What is heterotrophic nutrition?

A

Eating other organisms for food.

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12
Q

What is saprophytic nutrition?

A

Eating only dead things.

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13
Q

Which kingdom is made up of only saprophytic organisms?

A

Fungi

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14
Q

Explain why a virus is not considered to be a living organism?

A

They do not respire, therefore they are not living cells. They are made by living cells.

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15
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

An organism (or virus) that makes you ill. Causes disease.

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16
Q

Where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?

A

In the cytoplasm - no nucleus. Bacterial cells have 1 large circular chromosome and smaller circles of DNA called plasmids.

17
Q

What is the name of the protective layer outside of bacterial cell walls?

A

Capsule (it used to be called the slime capsule)

18
Q

Some species (not all) of bacteria have a kind of ‘tail’ that helps them to move. What is this structure called?

A

Flagellum

19
Q

What is a bacterial cell wall made from?

A

Peptidoglycan

20
Q

What effect does Tobacco Mosaic Virus have on leaves?

A

Causes brown patches by stopping chlorophyll production

21
Q

Green algae are single celled autotrophs with cells that look very similar to plants. Why are they categorised as protoctista and not as plants by biologists?

A

Because they are not multi-cellular.

22
Q

Why are the protoctista so varied?

A

Any single celled eukaryotic organism that doesn’t fit into the other kingdoms is called a protoctista. Therefore, different species have many of the characteristics of other kingdoms.

23
Q

Which kingdoms store carbohydrates as glycogen?

A

All Animals and Fungi and some species of Protoctista.

24
Q

Which kingdoms contain some species that photosynthesise?

A

Plants, Protoctista and Bacteria

3Bi - I MEO (6 decks)

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