the age of discovery Flashcards
(24 cards)
conquistador
one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.
colony
a group of people who leave their native country to form in a new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation.
mercantilism
practices or spirits; commercialism
balance of trade
the difference between the values of exports and imports of a country, said to be favorable or unfavorable as exports are greater or less than imports.
compass
an instrument for determining directions, as by means of a freely rotating magnetized needle that indicates magnetic north
joint stock company
an association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock, much like a corporation except that stockholders are liable for the debts of the business.
triangular trade
American History. a pattern of colonial commerce in which slaves were bought on the African Gold Coast with New England rum and then traded in the West Indies for sugar or molasses, which was brought back to New England to be manufactured into rum
columbian exchange
widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres in the 15th and 16th centuries, after Christopher Columbus’ 1492 voyage.
middle passage
the part of the Atlantic Ocean between the west coast of Africa and the West Indies: the longest part of the journey formerly made by slave ships.
treaty of tordesillas
signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and the Crown of Castile, along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa.
henry the navigator
1394–1460, prince of Portugal, noted for his patronage of Portuguese voyages of exploration of the W coast of Africa
christopher colombus
Christopher (Sp. Cristóbal Colón; It. Cristoforo Colombo) 1446?–1506, Italian navigator in Spanish service: traditionally considered the discoverer of America 1492.
vasco de gama
Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
hernan cortes
was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century
zheng he
(1371–1433 or 1435), formerly romanized as Cheng Ho, was a Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China’s early Ming dynasty
ferdinand magellan
Ferdinand, c1480–1521, Portuguese navigator: discoverer of the Straits of Magellan 1520 and the Philippines 1521
spice trade
refers to the trade between historical civilizations in Asia, Northeast Africa and Europe. Spices such as cinnamon, cassia, cardamom, ginger, pepper, and turmeric were known, and used for commerce, in the Eastern World well into antiquity. Opium was also imported.
encomienda system
used during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, whereby conquistadors (conquerers) were granted the towns of the native people they conquered. The conquistadors, known as encomenderos, taxed these native people and used them for labor in exchange for agreeing to provide safety through an established military and religious teachings.
dutch east india company
was originally established as a chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade. It is often considered to have been the first multinational corporation in the world [3] and it was the first company to issue stock
arawak
group of indigenous peoples of South America and historically of the Caribbean.
the philippines
, officially the Republic of the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas), is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean
fort jesus mombasa
is a Portuguese fort located on Mombasa Island. It was built between 1593 and 1596, by order of King Philip I of Portugal, to guard the Old Port of Mombasa, Kenya
kongo kingdom
was an African kingdom located in west central Africa in what is now northern Angola, Cabinda, the Republic of the Congo, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo,[6] as well as the southernmost part of Gabon
menin tribe
social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader:
