The Amazon Rainforest

Question 1

how many tonnes of carbon store in the amazon rainforest

Answer 1

100 billion

Question 2

store or sink

Answer 2

sink

Question 3

how much carbon is stored in above ground biomass

Answer 3

60%

Question 4

how much NNP does Amazonia account for in all terrestial econsystems

Answer 4

15-25%

Question 5

3 physical factors that effect stores and flow of water

Answer 5

1. geology
2. relief
3. temperature

Question 6

where is the rainforest

Answer 6

south America and it occupies 6 million km2
70% of the forest is in brazil but there are also parts in peru, Colombia and ecudaor.

Question 7

4 key climate features

Answer 7

• high temp between 20-30 degrees c
  -small seasonal variations
  -high rainfall and humidity
• no dry season

Question 8

what type of rainfall falls all year around

Answer 8

convectional

Question 9

what persentage of percptation in Amazonia is recycled by evapotransporation

Answer 9

50-60%

Question 10

how much carbon do large forest trees store

Answer 10

180 tonnes c/ha + 40 c/ha tonnes in their roots

Question 11

how much carbon does the amazon rainforest absorb every year

Answer 11

24 billion tonnes a year

Question 12

are rates of carbon fixation through photosysnthsis high or low

Answer 12

high

Question 13

deforestation per year since…

Answer 13

17,5000km2 per year since 1970-3013

Question 14

how much of the primary forest has been destroyed since 1970

Answer 14

almost 1/5

Question 15

when were the flood in the Mandirel River

Answer 15

april 2014

Question 16

how many people died in the mandirel floods

Answer 16

60

Question 17

how many people got evacuated in the manaderial floods

Answer 17

68,000

Question 18

why did the mandirel flood happen?

Answer 18

human activity has modified flows and stores in the maderia drainage basin
- deforestation for farming

Question 19

how does precipitation effect the water cycle?

Answer 19

high intensity convectional rainfall, interception by forest trees high all year round
intercepted rain accounts for 25% of all evapotranporation

Question 20

how does evapotransportaion effect the water cycle?

Answer 20

high rates, 50% of incoming rainfall is returned to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration

Question 21

how does the run off effect the water cycle?

Answer 21

rapid run off related to high rainfall

Question 22

how does the atmosphere effect the water cycle?

Answer 22

high temprture mean that the atmosphere stores a large amount of water, relitive and absolute humidity is high

Question 23

how does soil and ground water effect the water cycle?

Answer 23

abundent rainfall and deep tropical soil leads to high water storage in soil and aqafaries

Question 24

how does vegitation effect the water cycle?

Answer 24

trees play a crucial role in absorbing and storing water from the soils and restoring it through transporation

Question 25

net primary productivity (carbon)

Answer 25

2500 g/m2/ per year

Question 26

how much carbon does the forest store each year

Answer 26

24 billion tonnes

Question 27

how fast are the exchanges between the atmosphere, biosphere and soil

Answer 27

rapid

Question 28

genreal about deforestation

Answer 28

present day deforestation is the most severe in tropical rainforest deforestation exhausts the carbon biomass store

Question 29

how are they improving agrictultrel techniques in the rainforest

Answer 29

farming - main source of deprivation, low fertility of the soil ment that permanent circulation is unsustainable - diversification, soil fertility can be maintained by rotational crops - integration, integrated crops and livestock could also allow an increase in productivity and help slow down the rate of deforestation human enjeneered soil - so called dark soil, made from inputs of charcoal, waste and manure, this soil attracts fungi, micro organisms, and this allows the soil to maintain its fertility in the long run

Question 30

how much rainforest is brazil committed to restoring by 2030 -

Answer 30

120,000km2

Question 31

what are the three categories of strategy

Answer 31

- protection through legislation of large expanses that have so far been untouched - peodjects to reforest degrade or destroyed areas through the use of sustainable farming, cattle ranching, logging and mining -improving agricultural techniques to make permanent cultivation possible

Question 32

how does the atmosphere effect the water cycle?

Answer 32

high temperature in the atmosphere means that large amounts of water are stored (absolute humidity is high) relative humidity is also high