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Music History 3 > The American Scene > Flashcards

The American Scene Flashcards

The Music history 3 test

1
Q

What did America draw on for culture?

A

European culture

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2
Q

Explain American composers at this time.

A

American composers studied in Europe and became late Romaticist who were overshadowed by greater composers.

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3
Q

Who was an American with some name recogntion?

A

Edward MacDowell

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4
Q

Tell me about musicians and composers in America.

A

America’s musicians and composers were inferior compared to Europe. America writing style was needed.

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5
Q

When did American composers became noticed?

A

In the French Impressionist scene, after the German romanticism.

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6
Q

Who was the most prominent American composer in Impressionism?

A

Charles Ives

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7
Q

What was Charles Ives noted for?

A

White Peacock and Poem for flute.

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8
Q

When did Charles Ives gain fame? What did he become known as?

A

Charles Ives gain fame after his death and became known as the father of American music, the original voice of music.

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9
Q

Who was born in Connecticut with a father who challenge their family in music

A

Charles Ives.

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10
Q

Where did Charles Ives study? Whom did he study with?

A

Charles Ives study at Yale with Horation Parker.

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11
Q

What did Charles Ives mainly do? What did he do on the side.

A

Mainly, Charles Ives owned an insurance and wrote music on the weekends.

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12
Q

How did conductors feel about Charles Ives music?

A

They disliked it. They would not play his music and scoffed at it.

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13
Q

When did Charles Ives stop composing.
Why?
What was the aftermath?

A

Charles Ives Stopped composing around the age of 44 due to an illness, then gain recognition in Europe for Concord Sonata.

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14
Q

What did other song did Charles Ives use in his music?

A

Hymns, folk, and popular songs indigenous to America.

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15
Q

What was the subject of Charles Ives music? Examples?

A

Charles Ives subjects were American. Examples are: 4th of July, Central Park in the Dark, and Three places of New England

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16
Q

What was Charles Ives influenced by?

A

His music was influenced by childhood experience like 2 bands playing in different tempi and keys.

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17
Q

What was used in Charles Ives music?

A

He used polytonality, atonality, clusters, and polyrhythms.

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18
Q

Who was the first to write about without bars or time signature?

A

Charles Ives

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19
Q

Who was born in Paris but came to the U.S in 1915?

A

Edgar Varese

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20
Q

Whose music rejected tonality, had interest in polytonality, and rhythms with an interest in percussion?

A

Edgar Varese

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21
Q

What was Edgar Varese also known for?

A

His good titles like Density 21.5, Hyperprism, Ionisation, etc.

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22
Q

What composer had a sound like not other? Completely original.

A

Edgar Varese

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23
Q

What instruments was Edgar Varese mostly interested?

A

winds and percussion

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24
Q

What did Edgar Varese founded? What happened as a result?

A

He founded international Composer’s Guild to perform new works. This gave the American premier of Perriot Lunaire.

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25
Q

Who stop composing in the 1930s and focused on electronic music?

A

Edgar Varese

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26
Q

When did Edgar Varese start composing again? What happened?

A

He started back in 1952. The world caught up with his recent activies and gain too much recognition.

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27
Q

Who was know as the first “experimentalist?”

A

Henry Cowell

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28
Q

Who had an interest in Far East and was influenced by it?

A

Henry Cowell

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29
Q

What did Henry Cowell used his sound for rather than harmony?

A

He used clusters mostly for the sound as he had interest sound
and sonority.

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30
Q

Where was George Gershwin born?

A

Brooklyn

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31
Q

Who had an interest in Jazz at an early age?

A

George Gershwin

32
Q

What did George Gershwin did at the beginning of his career? Whom did get fame with? Desrcibe the piece.

A

He wrote songs for publishers in the beginning, but he gains fame with Swanee. Swanee is a piece, written in 1919, that is associated with Al Jolson, a singer, with lyrics provided by Irving Caesar.

33
Q

Describe George Gershwin style.

A

original, it had lyrical melodies with chromatic harmonies and sudden modulation.

34
Q

What was George Gershwin first and famous orch.

A

Rhapsody in Blue, a piece with a piano solo

35
Q

What did George Gershwin Concerto in F sought to synthesize

A

Jazz and classical

36
Q

What is George Gershwin best known musical.

A

America in Paris

37
Q

What Opera did George Gershwin-
write. What was it?

A

Porgy and Bess, an opera about being an African American in America

38
Q

What did George use with his music?

A

He used, Ragtime, jazz, and blues

39
Q

What did we tend to think of George Gershwin? What was he really? Who respected him?

A

A broadway composer but he was respected as an American composer by Schoenberg and Ravel.

40
Q

Who is Aaron Copand? Where was he born

A

America’s foremost composer. He was born in brooklyn.

41
Q

Who became interested in composing at an early age?

A

Aaron Copland

42
Q

Where did Copland Study? With whom?

A

He study with Nadia Boulanger in France. Boulanger had major influence on him

43
Q

Who became experimental with music but became conservative later.

A

Aaron Copland

44
Q

Who was instrumental when helping with Latin and American composer through league of composers and American allegiance.

A

Aaron Copland

45
Q

How did Copland make his music “American?”

A

Through jazz, Cowboy songs, and Hymns plus more.

46
Q

What was Copland concerned about in the early period?

A

He was concerned about his relatability in music.

47
Q

Whose music texture can describe as not thick but straight foward?

A

Aaron Copland

48
Q

Describe Aaron Copland’s harmony.

A

It was mostly diatonic

49
Q

Describe Aaron Copland melody and rhythm.

A

It was simple and straight-forward while the rhythm was strong. He liked meter and syncopation.

50
Q

Who is Samuel Barber?

A

A composer born in America from a musical family.

51
Q

What did Barber do at the age of 14 (1924)?

A

He entered the Curtis institute for composition and piano

52
Q

What happened to Barber in 1935?

A

He won the Prix de Rome and wrote a 1 movement symphony

53
Q

What did Barber do in 1939 to 1942

A

He joined the Curtis Inst. faculty.

54
Q

Who was regarded as a strong melodist and art composer.

A

Samuel Barber

55
Q

Which composer had a Neo-classical style with diatonic harmonies, some free from chromaticism?

A

Samuel Barber

56
Q

What was Samuel Barber?

A

He was a fine orchestrator, most performed American compose at one time.

57
Q

Who was the first America born and trained conductor in N.Y Phil?

A

Leonard Bernstein

58
Q

What was Leonard Bernstein?

A

He was a first-rate pianis, conductor, educator,and composer

59
Q

Whose music can be described as American due to the use of jazz rhtyms and Broadway influence?

A

Leonard Bernstein

60
Q

Desrcibe the melody and harmony of Bernstein.

A

The melody and harmony were conventional and generally tonal.

61
Q

Who wrote successfully for the musical theater with West Side Story, On the Town as well as “classical” music via symphonies, and opera Candide

A

Leonard Bernstein

62
Q

Name the composer who fused music of Brazil with classical writng of Choros, a series of pieces fusing Brazilian, Indian, and popular music for people with different instrument combinations.

A

Hector-Villa-Lobos

63
Q

What did Carlos Chavez, from Mexico, do?

A

He drew upon Aztec culture and Mexico folk music. Has a Neoclassical writing style.

64
Q

What happened to the music scene in the 1920s to 30s.

A
  • New music began to be promoted in universities and by conductors along with acceptance and publicity to composers.
    -The music scene shifted from Vienna to France, which became the place where American composers’ study. Nadia Boulanger being a prominent teacher there.
    -Copland, Harris, Piston, and Thompson were pupils who gained recognition in the 30s.
65
Q

What happen to music in the ’30s?

A

-American folksong began to rise in interest as more American composer were being commissioned and publish
-More Ascap and BMI took more interest in the classic composer and awarded him with some revenue from performance
-Newyork became the musical center of the world
-American composers used folksong and unique, American subjects.

66
Q

Who is Carl Ruggles?

A

An American composer, painter, and teacher. He had a small works that consist of dissonant, nonmetric melodies, and wide dynamics with rich coloring

67
Q

Who is Ferde Grofe?

A

He is an American composer who is know for his orchestral works and for pioneering big band music.

68
Q

Who is Walter Piston?

A

He was an American composer of classical music, music theorist, and professor of music. He is known for his symphonic and chamber music; also, he is known for his influence on the Neo-classical style in America.

69
Q

Who is Howard Hanson?

A

He was an composer, conductor, and teacher who promoted contemporary American music and was, in his own compositions, a principal representative of the Romantic tradition.

70
Q

Who is Vigil Thompson

A

American composer, conductor, and music critic whose forward-looking ideas stimulated new lines of thought among contemporary musicians.

71
Q

Who is Roy Harris

A

He was an composer, teacher, and a prominent representative of nationalism in American music who came to be regarded as the musical spokesman for the American landscape.

72
Q

Who is William Schumann?

A

American composer, educator, and administrator whose symphonies, ballets, and chamber music are noted for their adaptation of European models to American themes.

73
Q

Who is Alan Hovhaness?

A

American composer of Armenian and Scottish descent, notable for his wide choice of material from non-European traditions.

74
Q

Who is Vincent Persichetti?

A

American composer noted for his succinct polyphonic style, forceful rhythms, and generally diatonic melodies.

75
Q

Lou Harrison

A

He was an American composer, music critic, music theorist, painter, and creator of unique musical instruments. One of the most prominent composers to have experimented with microtones.

Music History 3 (1 decks)

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