The Anesthesia Machine

Question 1

What are the 2 types of systems in the anesthesia machine?

Answer 1

Electrical and Pneumatic

Question 2

What does the electrical system consist of? (6)

Answer 2

Master power switch, Power failure indicator, Reserve power, electrical outlets, circuit breakers, data communication ports

Question 3

What does the pneumatic system consist of? (3)

Answer 3

High pressure system, intermediate pressure system, low pressure system

Question 4

What color represents oxygen?

Answer 4

Green

Question 5

What colors represents nitrous dioxide?

Answer 5

Blue

Question 6

What color represents air?

Answer 6

Yellow

Question 7

What are the pipeline gases?

Answer 7

Wall outlets that deliver gas to machine

Question 8

What is the central supply source for the gases?

Answer 8

pipeline gases

Question 9

What is the backup source for gases when the pipeline fails or is unavailable?

Answer 9

Cylinder gases

Question 10

What size cylinders are used for the anesthesia machine?

Answer 10

Size E Cylinders

Question 11

What safety system is implemented for pipeline gases?

Answer 11

Diameter Index Safety System

Question 12

What safety system is implemented for cylinder gases?

Answer 12

Pin Index Safety System

Question 13

What is the high-pressure system?

Answer 13

Receives gas from cylinders at high pressure and reduces to lower pressure

Question 14

What are the components of the high-pressure system? (4)

Answer 14

Hanger yoke, check valve, cylinder pressure gauge (indicator), and pressure regulator

Question 15

What is the purpose of the check valve?

Answer 15

Allows unidirectional gas flow

Question 16

What is the purpose of the pressure regulator?

Answer 16

Decreases pressure to 45-47 psig*

Question 17

Pressure regulator will make the pressure slightly […] than pipeline pressure

Answer 17

lower

Question 18

What is the value for a pressure full oxygen cylinder?

Answer 18

1900 psig

Question 19

What is the value for a pressure full nitrous oxide cylinder?

Answer 19

745 psig

Question 20

What is the value for a pressure full carbon dioxide cylinder?

Answer 20

838 psig

Question 21

What is the value for a pressure full air cylinder?

Answer 21

1800 psig

Question 22

What is the intermediate-pressure system?

Answer 22

Receives gases from pressure regulator or pipeline inlet

Question 23

What are the components of the intermediate-pressure system? (7)

Answer 23

Pipeline inlet connection, pipeline pressure gauges, oxygen pressure failure devices, second stage pressure regulator, oxygen flush, flow control valves, and alternate oxygen control

Question 24

[…] ensures non-interchangable fitting for each hose attachment and is apart of the intermediate-pressure system

Answer 24

diameter index safety system

Question 25

What should pipeline pressure gauges read?

Answer 25

50-55 psig

Question 26

What is the purpose of the fail safe valve?

Answer 26

Only allows gases to flow if there is sufficient oxygen pressure

Question 27

What do oxygen pressure failure devices prevent?

Answer 27

Accidental delivery of hypoxic mixture (in event O2 supply fails)

Question 28

How does the pressure sensor shut off valve function? What machine uses this?

Answer 28

Gas valve closes and prevents administration of the gas; datex-ohmeda

Question 29

For pressure sensor shut off valve, an O2 pressure [...] opens valve

Answer 29

>20 psig

Question 30

For pressure sensor shut off valve, an O2 pressure [...] closes valve

Answer 30

<20 psig

Question 31

How does the oxygen failure protection device function? What machine uses this?

Answer 31

Proportionally decreases supply of other gases; drager

Question 32

How does the oxygen supply failure alarm work?

Answer 32

Alarm activates if oxygen pressure falls below 20-30 psig

Question 33

What does the second stage pressure regulator do?

Answer 33

Further reduges pressure from pipeline or cylinder

Question 34

Second stage pressure regulator will reduce oxygen pressure to [...]

Answer 34

~14 psig

Question 35

Second stage pressure regulator will reduce nitrous oxide pressure to [...]

Answer 35

~26 psig

Question 36

Oxygen flush will send high flow of oxygen directly to the common gas outlet around [...] L/min

Answer 36

35-76

Question 37

When is the oxygen flush used?

Answer 37

Rapidy fill or flush breathing circuit

Question 38

What should the oxygen flush NOT be used for? Why?

Answer 38

During inspiration, delivers large tidal volume and barotrauma

Question 39

What does the flow control valves do?

Answer 39

Regulate flow of gas to flow meters

Question 40

What are the two type soft flow control valves?

Answer 40

Mechanical and electrical

Question 41

Turning the flow control valves clock-wise will [...] gas flow

Answer 41

decrease

Question 42

Turning the flow control valves counterclockwise will [...] gas flow

Answer 42

increase

Question 43

What is the low-pressure system?

Answer 43

Located between flow control devices and machine outlet

Question 44

What are components of the low-pressure system? (5)

Answer 44

Flowmeters, unidirectional valve, pressure relief device, common gas outlet, vaporizers

Question 45

What are flowmeters?

Answer 45

Measure gas flow from flow control valves

Question 46

What are the 3 types of indicators for the flowmeters?

Answer 46

Ball, bobbin, or float

Question 47

What are the type of tubes flowmeters use and describe them

Answer 47

Thorpe tube (small diameter at bottom of tube and widens at top)

Question 48

How many tapers can flowmeters have?

Answer 48

Single or double

Question 49

What are the 2 type of fluid flow in the flowmeters?

Answer 49

Laminar - low flow (depends on viscosity) & Turbulent - high flow (depends on density)

Question 50

If there is a BALL indicator in the flowmeter, where should you read it from?

Answer 50

Middle of ball

Question 51

If there is a FLOAT indicator in the flowmeter, where should you read it from?

Answer 51

Top

Question 52

Why is flow tube arrangement important?

Answer 52

Prevent hypoxia

Question 53

Where is the oxygen flowmeter positioned?

Answer 53

Downstream of all other flowmeters (closest to vaporizer)

Question 54

What is reynolds number equation?

Answer 54

Re= (fluid density)(flow velocity)(tube diameter)/(viscosity of fluid)

Question 55

What does a HIGH (>2000) reynolds number indicate?

Answer 55

Turbulent flow (inc. density)

Question 56

What does a LOW (<2000) reynolds number indicate?

Answer 56

Laminar flow (inc. viscosity)

Question 57

Where is the low-pressure system check valve located?

Answer 57

Between vaporizer and common gas outlet (Datex-ohmeda machines)

Question 58

What is the purpose of the low-pressure system check valve?

Answer 58

Minimizes effect of back pressure from ventilation or O2 flush

Question 59

What is the purpose of the pressure relief device?

Answer 59

Opens to atmosphere and vents gas if pressure is too high

Question 60

What is the common gas outlet?

Answer 60

Supplies gas to breathing circuit