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Movement Science > The Ankle and Foot Complex > Flashcards

The Ankle and Foot Complex Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Three parts of foot?

A

Rear foot- talus calcaneus
Mid foot-navicular cuboid three cuneiform bones
Forefoot- metatarsals, phalanges

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2
Q

Proximal tib fib joint consists of?
Anatomically belongs to? Functionally belongs to?

A

Head of fibula and posterolateral aspect of tibia
Antomically belongs to the knee; functionally to the ankle foot

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3
Q

Medial collateral ligament (deltoid) inserts where?
Is it strong or weak?

A

Navicular, talus, and calcaneus
Strong

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4
Q

Lateral collateral ligament consists of?
Helps to limit what movement?
Weak or strong?

A

Anterior and posterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament
Helps to limit inversion or supination
Weaker

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5
Q

Concave tibial plafond plus malleoli =

A

Mortise

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6
Q

The talocrural axis inclined down laterally and posterior lay how many degrees?
Typical amount of toe out?

A

14 degrees laterally, 23 degrees posteriorly

20 degrees

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7
Q

In dorsiflexion, the head of the talus moves _____ while body of talus glides_____ in mortise
Normal ROM is?

A

Dorsally, plantarly
20 degrees

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8
Q

In plantarflexion, the head and body move____
Normal ROM?
Loose packed meaning it is?

A

Opposite
50 degrees
Higher incidence of ankle sprains

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9
Q

The shape of the talus is wider ____ than _____
In WB, as the mortise rotates over talus, the tib fib joint adjusts to widen around the ___ talus
Dorsiflexion it moves? Plantarflexion?

A

Dismally; proximally
Distal
DF: medial rotstion
Plantarflexion: lateral rotation

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10
Q

What makes up the subtalar joint?

A

Talus plus calcaneus

Proximally: concave talus on convex calcaneus - largest facet
Distal and medial: convex facet of inferior body and neck of talus on 2 concave facets on calcaneus

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11
Q

Subtalar axis inclined ____

A

42 degrees dorsally and distally, inclines medically 16 degrees

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12
Q

WB pronation=
WB Supination=

A

Calcaneus EV, Talan, add and PF, TiB-fib medial rotation

Calcaneus inv, take abd, and DF, tib fib lateral rotstion

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13
Q

Calcaneal INV=
Calcaneal EV=
Bilateral stance in____

A

20-30 degrees
5-10 degrees
3.5 degrees

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14
Q

Gait range requirements for subtalar ROM
INV at heel strike then EV?
Inv during push off?

A

3degrees if inversion at heel strike
Then 5.5 deg of inversion during push off

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15
Q

Close packed position=
Open packed position=

A

Supination , stable foot position
Pronation, flexible foot position

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16
Q

Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid form S shaped _____ line
_____ are immobile in WB

A

Transverse tarsal joimt

Navicular and cuboid

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17
Q

What is the action of the talonavicular joint?

A

Distal convex head of talus with concave proximally aspect of navicular

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18
Q

Longitudinal arches- medial and lateral
What is the keystone?

A

Posteriorly attached to calcaneus and anteriorly to MET heads
Medial arch is higher than lateral

Talus

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19
Q

What is the keystone for transverse arch?

Study These Flashcards
A

Medial cuneiform

20
Q

Arches weight bearing function?

Study These Flashcards
A

Mobility-accept weight during early stance
Stability function- requires stiffness

21
Q

Ligmentous supports of the arches?

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A

Spring ligament
Interosseus talocalcandal ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
Cervical ligament supports posterior longitudinal arch

22
Q

What is the role of the plantar aponeurosis?
Subject to tension forces during?
Windlass mechanism?

Study These Flashcards
A

Plantar fascia runs length of foot

Toe extension

Tension contributes to foot supination and increasing longitudinal arch and rigid lever function

23
Q

Bilateral stance: each talus receives?
Unilateral stance: talus receives?

24
Q

Then from talus how much weight is distributed?

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A

50% to calcaneus and 50% to talonavicular and calcaneocuboid

25
Heel pressures are greatest at____ -_- in walking -__- WITH RUNNING
Heel strike 85-130% body weight in walking 220% in Wb with running
26
Supinated foot called = Excessive pronated foot=
Pes cavus Pes plan us
27
Club foot deformity?
CAVE midfoot cavus Metatarsus adductua Hind foot varus Hindfoot equinus
28
Minimal range requirements for gait? Hip Ext Hip flx Knee Ankle PF Ankle DF
20 30 0-60 20 10
29
Power generation vs power absorption?
Accomplished with muscles shortening (concentric cicontraction) Power absorption accomplished with muscles lengthening (Eccentric contraction)
30
Center of pressure during initial contact, loading response, terminal stance and pre swing?
Posterior lateral heel Through lateral midfoot Then medically across ball of foot as heel lifts 1st no 2nd toes
31
Internal moments during stance phase?
IC- hip ext, ankle DF, knee flx LR- hip ext, knee ext, ankle df Mid stance- hip flx, knee flx, ankle pf Terminal stance- hip flx, knee flx, ankle pf Preswing- hip flx, knee ext, ankle pf
32
O2 consumption for walking? 20-30 year old vs 75 year old or with conditions
20-30- 32% 75- 48%
33
Rockers of the foot/ankle?
Initial contact to loading response with fulcrum at heel Calcaneal inversion to everaion Loading response to terminal stance ankle rocker Terminal stance with leg rotating over forefoot increased MTP extension Preswing with leg rotating over toes increased toe extension
34
What are the trunk kinematics? Trunk stays erect during ___- Slight ____ at ____ Slight____ during SLS Adductor moment of Hat is counteracted by ____ minimizing movement at stance leg
Trunk stays erect during speed walking Slight trunk flexion at initial clntact Slight extension Hip abductors
35
In saggital plane?
Sinusoidal pattern up and down 4-5 cm with each foot
36
In frontal plane?
Pelvic side to side motion of 4-5 cm and 5 degrees drop of pelvis and trunk leans total 5 cm
37
In Transverse plane?
Pelvic rotation 4-8 degrees with opposite trunk rotation
38
What muscles are most active during loading response?
Erector spinal muscles
39
Head motion in saggital plane is?
7-12 degrees
40
Shoulder ROM Elbow ROM
30 degrees total (6 flx, 24 ext) 20-45 degrees
41
Most knee flexion needed during ______ Most hip flexion needed during__
Foot clearance Foot placement and weight acceptance
42
GRFs T CoP over __-_ of BW during running?
200%
43
Running ROM at hip Flexion at terminal swing, IC Extension Pre Swing
60 degrees, 45 degrees, 20 degrees of extensioj
44
Running ROM of ankle DF at IC then during loading Then PF by initial swing
10 then 30 degrees then 25 degrees
45
On
46
Running ROM of knee Flexion at IC and LR and Midswing
20 degrees then 60 degrees then 130 degrees

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