The Basics Of Sociology Flashcards
(35 cards)
Emile Durkheim?
Durkheim was a functionalist. He believed society is made up of institutions each with its own functions. They work together to create a stable society.
Max Weber?
Weber believed sociologist should study structures and actions to understand society.
Culture is?
A group of people refers to the way they live, their languages, beliefs, norms, values and skills.
It vary’s from place to place and over time
How is socialisation passed on?
It’s the way in which culture is passed from generations.
It begins when your born and carries on through out your life.
Identity?
Name, age, appearance or its how you and others see you
Social differentiation
It’s the way society is divided up it can be based on anything age gender
Stratification?
Is the way society is divided into layers (like an onion) with a definite hierarchy. They can be based on things like status income…
What is power?
It can be seen as the ability to get someone to do something they wouldn’t normally do.
How do people usually have power?
It’s usually because of wealth, job, social class sociologists argue that people with power use it to control society
Functionalist say he individual is
A product of society
Karl Marx?
Mark believed capitalist oppresses working class and there needs to be a revolution to make people equal.
Durkheim and his followers are known as functionalists
As they believe society is made up of different institutions each with its own function
Functionalists look at how society is structured they look at
How institutions in society works and how they effect each person
3 examples of institutions in functionalism is
Family-socialising children
Education-preparing young people for adult society
Religion-units society through shared beliefs
Marxist disagree with functionalists as they
Ignore unequal power of some groups and think it’s structured for the rich
Marxism say the individual is
The product of economic forces
Marxists believe the most important force in society is
Class conflict
Capitalists societies workers are employed to produce goods which are sold for profits however the workers get hardly any money. Marx said that they would revolt if workers noticed.
How do workers not notice that they are being paid unfairly?
The capital system shapes superstructure such as family education and religion to make sure workers accept their lot in life
What are the two classes that Marx believe society is split into
The bourgeoisie are a minority but have the power The proletariat are the working class that are majority but with little power
Functionalists disagree with Marx because
They put too much emphasis on the role of economic structures shaping ideas and beliefs
Postmodernists disagree with Marxism because
Social class doesn’t have an important influence on individual identity
Feminists believe they are
Oppressed by men and society is patriarchal
Liberal feminists
Equal rights for women and introducing more opportunities in existing structure is the best way to get equality
Radical feminists
Society is structured to oppress women and society needs to change. There’s an imbalance of power in all relationships
