The Beginning Of The Modern World Flashcards
(42 cards)
Name some characteristics with sets a period apart from other.
Each period has some characteristics- political, economic ,religious and social that sets it apart from other periods.
Name the three periods of history
Ancient period, medieval period and modern period
How does classification of history help us?
The classification helps to bring a sense of order and continuity to the bewildering array of historical events and processes that have taken place over centuries of evolution. It helps to put the past into perspective and to see the turning point and transition of periods with greater understanding and clarity.
What are the source materials for the modern age?
The source materials for the modern age are of two kinds- primary sources and secondary sources
Where are the primary sources preserved?
Many of the primary sources of the modern period have been preserved in archives and museums.
What do primary sources include?
Primary sources include:
1.Original documents such as official records of the British government in India .
2. Historical works by contemporary historians.
3. Oral history.
4. Artistic works like painting sketches , engravings, drawings etc.
5. Newspapers in both English and Indian languages
What do secondary sources include?
Secondary sources includes books reviews reports articles written by historians and other scholars who study and research primary sources and arrive at conclusions
What were the important factors that contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance?
The expansion of trade , the voyages of discovery by Italian merchants ,their interaction with various societies and their wealth and prosperity were all important factors that contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance.
What was the major cause of the beginning of the Renaissance ? Explain
The capture of Constantinople the capital of the BYZANTINE empire in 1453 by The OTTOMAN TURKS was the major cause of the beginning of the Renaissance.
What was the result of the capture of Constantinople?
As a result of the capture of Constantinople , a large number of greek scholars played from Constantinople to Italy with rare manuscripts. These scholars were patronized and encouraged by their rulers The scholars and the rich merchants of Rome Florence Milan and Venice. Libraries were set up and university were established to promote classical and modern learning.
What inspired and encouraged people to question and challenge the long established ideas by the church and the kings?
The Renaissance or the revival of Graeco- Roman learning inspired and encouraged people to question and challenge the long established rules imposed on them by the church and their kings .They refused to blindly accept the dictates of the church the demanded to know the logic and reason and rejected everything which is not fall in the yardstick of reasoning
What were the two major changes brought about the Renaissance?
The new spirit of rationalism led to the rise of scientific temper and spirit of enquiry.
The spirit of humanism was Central to the new learning.
Name the fields in which the change due to Renaissance was seen?
The fields are
1. Art
2.architecture
3.sculpture
4.painting
5. literature
6.science
7. technology
8.explorations and discovery
Name some medieval pre occupations
Religion, afterlife ,heaven and hell
How did Renaissance bring about a change in discoveries?
The Renaissance also fostered a spirit of exploration and discovery.
This period bred a spirit of adventure and the desire to explore the unknown which in turn led to exploration and discovery of many newlands.
What gave rise to an urgent need to find an alternate sea route to the East?
In the mid 15th century the Ottoman turks captured Asia minor and cut off direct land links between Asia and Europe. The turks also took control of the main ports of the eastern Mediterranean sea , raided European ships and imposed heavy taxes on goods passing through their lands .This was a great blow to European trade with the east and gave rise to find an alternate sea route to the East.
During the _____period _____ was Central to human existence
Medieval, Religion
How was the life of people in the medieval period?
During the medieval period religion was Central to human existence. The lives of people in Europe revolved around the Roman catholic Church and its supreme head the Pope. The authority of the Pope was absolute and could not be questioned or challenged.
What were people told during the medieval period?
People were taught to focus only on divine and spiritual matters throughout life and prepare for life after death. Blind faith was propagated and people were conditioned to believe that the only part to salvation was through complete and total surrender to the doctrines of Church
______ became exclusive centres of ________
Christian Monasteries, education
How did the Monopoly of education help the church?
The Monopoly of education armed the church with absolute power and authority to increase its stranglehold in society.
What would opposition to the teachings incur?
Opposition to the teachings of the church (heresy) would incur the wrath of the paper sea and often lead to terrible punishments.
Where was the Papacy involved?
Apart from spiritual powers the papacy was also involved in the political affairs of Christian European states. Rulers of these states were appointed and dismissed by the Pope and subjected to the doctrines and regulations of the church.
What happened as the church became increasingly wealthy and powerful?
As the church became increasingly wealthy and powerful ,clergymen and priests began to lead a life of luxury and opulence they became corrupt and immortal and lost interest in the welfare of people.
