The Big Bang Ch. 1

Question 1

The universe begins as the size of a _____ _____

Answer 1

Single atom

Question 2

Elemental particles that make up hadrons

Answer 2

Quarks

Question 3

Led to protons and neutrons

Answer 3

Quarks

Question 4

Elemental particles that aren’t influenced by strong interactions like quarks

2 types=charged & neutral

Answer 4

Leptons

Question 5

3 minutes after Big Bang

Answer 5

The universe has grown from the size of an atom to larger than the size of a grapefruit

Question 6

E=mc^2

Energy ____ according to Einstein

Answer 6

Froze

Question 7

Energy forms matter into clumps that today we call ______, _______, and ______

Answer 7

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 8

The early universe was about _________ and ________

Answer 8

75% hydrogen & 25% helium

Question 9

1st stars and galaxies formed ______________

Answer 9

200-400 million years after Big Bang

Question 10

_______________ our solar system forms

Answer 10

4.6 billion years ago

Question 11

What did Hubble observe?

Answer 11

The majority of galaxies are moving away from us and each other

The farther, they faster they move

Question 12

The universe began ______ years ago

Answer 12

13.7 billion

Question 13

Noise radiation is _______ across space

Answer 13

Evenly spread

Question 14

Who confirmed for the entire universe that noise radiation is evenly spread?

Answer 14

COBE satellite

Question 15

Law of conservation of energy=

Answer 15

Energy remains the constant over time (energy can neither be created or destroyed)

Question 16

Super large galactic cores that put out more light than whole galaxies

Answer 16

Quasars

Question 17

Only found 10-15 billion light years away

Found nowhere else

Nothing exists past them

Answer 17

Quasars

Question 18

Gives us the age of items from the decay of radioactive materials found within the object

Answer 18

Radiometric dating

Question 19

Found to the older than earth

Answer 19

Moon rocks

Question 20

The combining of two small nuclei to form a larger nucleus

Answer 20

Nuclear fusion

Question 21

When two small nuclei are combined, mass is ____ and converted to _____

Answer 21

Lost

Energy

Question 22

The speed of light is a universal constant of ________

Answer 22

300,000 km/s^2

Question 23

The furthest stars away are _____ light years away

Answer 23

10-15 billion

Question 24

Most fusion takes place in a

Answer 24

Central core

Question 25

A 3 step process

transforms 2 hydrogen ions into a single helium atom

Answer 25

Fusion

Question 26

In the heart of each core lies a ______ filled core

Answer 26

Hydrogen

Question 27

The hydrogen in the core gets stripped of electrons because….

Answer 27

Of the very high temp, high pressure environment within the core

Question 28

The ultimate lifetime of a star is determined by _______

Answer 28

The mass of the star

Question 29

Debri from space

Answer 29

Comets and meteors

Question 30

Characterized by the tail of gas and dust that trails behind them

Answer 30

Comets

Question 31

Small fragments of matter

Answer 31

Meteors

Question 32

Earth collides with planet theia=

Answer 32

Moon formation

Question 33

The 4 systems that sustain life:

Answer 33

Biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere

Question 34

Descent with modification over time

Answer 34

Evolution

Question 35

A change in gene frequency within a population

Answer 35

Microevolution

Question 36

_______ ________ has established that over time, natural selection acting on mutations could generate new adaptions and new species

Answer 36

Modern synthesis