The biological approach

Question 1

What is the biological approach?

Answer 1

The belief that all aspects of psychological functioning can be explained in terms of biological structures

Question 2

What are genes?

Answer 2

A section of DNA that codes for a certain characteristic

Question 3

What is the genotype?

Answer 3

The genetic makeup of an individual

Question 4

What is the phenotype?

Answer 4

The outward characteristics displayed by an individual

Question 5

What is the phenotype an interaction of?

Answer 5

The genotype and the environment

Question 6

How much DNA do monozygotic twins share?

Answer 6

100%

Question 7

How much DNA do dizygotic twins share?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

What do twin studies show?

Answer 8

A genetic link

Question 9

What is a concordance rate?

Answer 9

The percentage of twins that both exhibit a certain behaviour

Question 10

What is the concordance rate for OCD?

Answer 10

MZ = 68%
DZ = 31%

Question 11

What are the 2 parts of the nervous system?

Answer 11

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS)

Question 12

What are the 2 components of the central nervous system?

Answer 12

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 13

What can the peripheral nervous system be subdivided into?

Answer 13

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 14

What is the largest part of the brain?

Answer 14

The cerebrum

Question 15

What percentage of the brain does the cerebrum make up?

Answer 15

85%

Question 16

What is the outer layer of the cerebrum called?

Answer 16

The cerebral cortex

Question 17

What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?

Answer 17

High order functions

Question 18

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

Answer 18

Temporal, parietal, frontal and occipital

Question 19

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 19

Functions such as speech and thought

Question 20

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 20

Processing sensory information

Question 21

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 21

Memory and hearing

Question 22

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 22

Processing visual information

Question 23

What are hormones?

Answer 23

Chemical messengers that are produced by endocrine glands

Question 24

Where are hormones secreted?

Answer 24

Into the bloodstream

Question 25

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 25

Chemicals involved in synaptic transmission

Question 26

What are the 2 types of neurotransmitters?

Answer 26

Inhibitory and excitatory

Question 27

What are inhibitory neurotransmitters?

Answer 27

Neurotransmitters that stop a nerve impulse from being generated

Question 28

What are excitatory neurotransmitters?

Answer 28

Neurotransmitters that increase the chance of a nerve impulse being generated

Question 29

Give an example of an excitatory neurotransmitter.

Answer 29

Dopamine

Question 30

Give an example of an inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Answer 30

Serotonin

Question 31

What does dopamine control?

Answer 31

Our drive/motivation

Question 32

What does serotonin control?

Answer 32

Mood stability

Question 33

Who proposed natural selection?

Answer 33

Charles Darwin

Question 34

What is natural selection?

Answer 34

The process by which advantageous characteristics that improve chances of survival are passed down to offspring

Question 35

How many species of animals did Buss study?

Answer 35

37

Question 36

What did Buss find about female mate preference?

Answer 36

They preferred mates with resources

Question 37

What did Buss find about male mate preference?

Answer 37

They preferred young and physically attractive mates