The Biological Approach

Question 1

What is your phenotype

Answer 1

The combination of someone’s genotype and the environment. For instance, someone’s build mag be determined by their genes but nutrition will also help determine this.

Question 2

Why do we study twins?

Answer 2

It’s a natural case study that helps us look at nature or nurture. Allows us to cancel out environmental factors.

Question 3

What example of evolutionary behaviours are there?

Answer 3

Being scared of snakes- so we stay away and trigger fight or flight.
Being aggressive- to defend yourself, your young, and fend of other males from your mate.
Flirting- to show interest.
Detecting depth- so you do not die.

Question 4

Classical conditioning

Answer 4

Leading through association- little Albert or pavlov’s dogs

Question 5

Operant conditioning

Answer 5

Learning through rewards and punishments - skinners experiments with rats ( the Skinner box)

Question 6

Social learning theory

Answer 6

The assumption that:
- behaviour is learned from the environment.
- behaviour is learned from observing others and the rewards and punishment that they receive.
Example- bandura’s bobo doll

Question 7

Mediating processes in Social Learning Theory

Answer 7

A- paying ATTENTION to the model
R- being able to REMEMBER the action
A- having the ABILITY to replicate the action
M- being MOTIVATED to replicate the action

Question 8

What does the cognitive approach assume

Answer 8

• thought processes should be studied scientifically in a lab
• the mind works like a computer in that it has an input from our senses which it then processes and produces an output in terms of language or behaviour.

Question 9

What is your genotype?

Answer 9

An individual’s genetic makeup, which you get from birth. Each individual has a genotype which is unique and determines things like eye colour and hair colour.

Question 10

What behaviours have evolved to give us an advantage

Answer 10

Flirting- to attract a mate
Aggression- to fend off preditors
Sense of depth- so you don’t fall down things

Question 11

Hormones definition

Answer 11

Things that travel through the blood and are linked with behaviours such as aggression

Question 12

Neurotransmitters definition

Answer 12

Things that travel via the CNS, and are linked with behaviours as low levels cause depression.

Question 13

Bandura (1961)

Answer 13

Aim- to see if social learning theory works
Method- 3-6 year olds shown a video of adults either..
1)playing agesssively with the bobo doll
2)playing in a friendly way with the bobo doll
3)or doing nothing with it
Findings- group 1 showed agesssion, 2 and 3 very little agesssion.

Question 14

Bandura’s vicarious reinforcement variation

Answer 14

-same study but different groups:
1) model was awarded for agesssion
2) model was punished for aggression
3) no consequences for aggression
Findings- aggression hierarchy: 1,3,2

Question 15

What’s the behaviourist approach?

Answer 15

The assumption that we are all blank slates and all of our behaviours are learnt by classical and operant learning.

Question 16

What’s the behaviourist approach?

Answer 16

The assumption that we are all blank slates and all of our behaviours are learnt by classical and operant learning.