The Biological Approach to Treating OCD

Question 1

What is the goal of drug therapy in treating OCD?

Answer 1

To increase or decrease levels of neurotransmitters, particularly serotonin.

Question 2

What are SSRIs and how do they work?

Answer 2

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors increase serotonin levels in the brain by preventing its reabsorption.

Question 3

What is a typical SSRI dosage for OCD treatment?

Answer 3

Fluoxetine is commonly prescribed at 20mg per day and can be increased if necessary.

Question 4

How are SSRIs used in combination with CBT?

Answer 4

They help reduce emotional symptoms, making it easier for patients to engage with CBT.

Question 5

What are alternative drugs if SSRIs are ineffective?

Answer 5

Tricyclic antidepressants and SNRIs (Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) may be used.

Question 6

How do SNRIs work?

Answer 6

They increase levels of both serotonin and noradrenaline.

Question 7

Strength: What evidence supports the effectiveness of SSRIs for OCD?

Answer 7

Evidence: Soomro et al. (2009) reviewed 17 studies showing SSRIs more effective than placebos.

Shows SSRIs significantly reduce OCD symptoms.

Question 8

Limitation: What are some side effects of SSRIs?

Answer 8

Evidence: Can cause indigestion, blurred vision, and aggression.

These may reduce patient compliance and affect quality of life.

Question 9

Strength: Why is drug therapy considered cost-effective and non-disruptive?

Answer 9

Evidence: Cheaper than psychological therapies and doesn’t require daily sessions.

Increases accessibility and efficiency.

Question 10

Limitation: How can research into SSRIs be biased?

Answer 10

Evidence: Goldacre (2013) noted some studies are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies.

May inflate perceived effectiveness.