Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Social 20-1 > The Birth of Nationalism > Flashcards

The Birth of Nationalism Flashcards

(55 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is Nation?

A

A group of people that share the same common goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Nation-State?

A

sovereign (independent) state with a central government and defined border that are internationally recognized. Often with common language, heritage, and values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Patriotism?

A

having or expressing devotion to and vigorous support for one’s country.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is ultranationalism?

A

extreme nationalism that promotes the interests of one state or people above all others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is isolationism?

A

a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is internationalism?

A

Internationalism is a political principle that advocates greater political or economic cooperation among states and nations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is supranationalism?

A

the state or condition of transcending national boundaries, authority, or interests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the characteristics of Nationalism?

A

Geography, Collectivism, Ethnicity, Culture, Language, Religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What were Denis Diderot’s Views on the individual? Views on government?

A

Views on the individual: Proclaimed faith in human nature and the rights of man.
Views on government: Attacked traditional Christian beliefs by focus on Science which was skeptical of traditional “science”.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What were Montesquieu’s Views on the individual? Views on government?

A

Views on the individual: Shared views similar to Locke (people are naturally good and society shapes beliefs)
Views on government: advocated a seperation of powers and three branches of government. This would help hold the government accountable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What were Voltaire’s Views on the individual? Views on government?

A

Views on the individual: Shared views simialr to Locke regarding freedom of the individual. Admired freedom of speech and religious tolerance
Views on government: Attacked absolutism and theocracy. Despised the Ideas of censorship. Ideal gov. was one that safeguarded the rights of people to life, liberty, and property.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What were Jean Jaques Rousseau’s Views on the individual? Views on government?

A

Views on the individual: Humans are naturally goof. Through life, humans become intelligent and moral beings. No one has any natural authority over another. (equality)
Views on government: Gov. are cruel. Strong rule th eweak without any regard for their well-being. Gov.’s should enter into a social contract with its citizens. Gov. holds power only with permission of its people and in its peoples best interests. If a ruler violated the rights of its citizens, it has lost its rights to rule and can be overthrown by rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was John Locke’s view on human nature? view on government?

A

View on Human Nature: Humans are born free and equal. The child’s mind is a blank slate. Humans are good by nature. Character could be taught. Liberal
View of Government: The purpose of government is to protect the individual’s rights and liberties. Government’s should interfere as little as possible. All laws should be designed for the good of the people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was Thomas Hobbes’ view on human nature? view on government?

A

View on human nature: humans are naturally selfish. Society must have a stable government. Conservative.
View on Government: Freedom is only possible if people surrender their liberty to an all powerful government. Society is established out of fear. If the monarch fails to protect the citizens, the citizens have the right to overthrow. If an absolute leader is disposed of, another must replace them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Feudalism?

A

Medieval society based on a social, political, and economic hierarchy centered on land ownership and control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was the First Estate?

A

-Consisted of the religious leaders and the clergy.
-Made up less than 1% of France’s population.
-Owned 1/5 of the land, didn’t pay taxes, collected taxes from the rest of France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was the Higher Nobility?

A

-Held much of the land and had some influences over the King.
-The King would take loans from Nobles to pay for financial difficulties.
-In return, the Nobles would try to gain more power or recieve tax breaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the Lower Nobility?

A

-worked for the higher noles who usually held political office or became feudal lords for the peasants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what was the Second Estate?

A

-Consisted of Nobles (both upper and lower)
-Made up less than 2% of France’s population
-They held few or no taxes and held great polticial positions with heavy influences on the monarch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the Third Estate?

A

-Made up 97% of the population
-Included the bourgeoisie (middle class merchants, manufacturers, lawyers, doctors) as well as serfs and peasants
-Paid majority of taxes and didn’t have a say in the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the difference between peasants and serfs?

A

Peasants: farmers who were extremely poor (paid high taxes)
Serfs: similar to slaves who worked the land. Considered part of the land. When the land would be sold, so would the Serf. Recieved no financial compensation for their work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What were the two stages of the French Revolution?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Inequality by Force (Absolutism)
    -Major Economic Depression
    -Enlightenment Influence
    -Cahiers De Doleances
  2. Reforms of Revolt (Democracy and Constitution)
    -The Tennis Court Oath
    -The Storming of the Bastille
    -The Abolition of the Feudal System + seperation of the church from the state
    -The Great Fear
    -The Declaration of rights of man and citizen
24
Q

What were the main two similarities between the Monarchy and the Third Estate?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Dependent on each other
  2. Born into their place
25
What were the main causes of the French Revolution? (EEEW)
1. Enlightenment ideas 2. Estate Systems 3. Economic problems 4. Weak Leader (King Louis XVI)
26
How did Enlightenment ideals affect the French Revolution?
-Ideals of the American revolution spread to France -Equality and Liberty (Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu) -Natural Rights (Locke) -Democratic gov. and elections
27
What was the Estates-General?
Made up of representatives from the three estates. The Monarchy allowed it because with the first two estates voting, the third estate would never win votes. This gave the Third Estate false hope and the idea that they had a say in the government.
28
What was the Cahiers de Doleances? (list of grievances)
The Third Estate demanded for these revolutionary ideas. 1. Special privileges for the nobles were to be abolished 2. Equalized taxation 3. A parliament & constitution 4. "vote by head" (each person = one vote)
29
What was the Tennis Court Oath?
The National Assembly (The Third Estate) promised eachother that they would not disband until they had agined a constitution and Louis XVI had addressed the debt issue
30
What was the Storming of the Bastille?
Louis XVI ignored the cries of his people until the people of Paris were agreeing with the National Assembly. Louis say the Tennis Court Oath as a sign of Revolution and sent troops to guard Paris. Angry mobs attacked the Bastille, which had been used as a prison.
31
What was the symbol and the motto of the French Revolution?
Symbol: The French Tricolour Flag Motto: "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
32
What was the Great Fear?
After the Church and the state were seperated and Louis XVI being removed from the throne, the nobiltity renounced their feudal privileges in fear of the violence/riots occuring among the peasants.
33
What was the Declaration of the Rights of man and citizen?
Reflected ideals of the Enlightenment. First attempt at a constitution that promoted social equality. (so naturally, women were not included) Basically said no special privileges, no right to office, and laws apply equally to everyone.
34
Who was Napoleon?
He created and ran an empire that covered most of western and continental Europe for nearly 20 years and is consdiered to be one of the greatetst military geniuses of his time.
35
Napoleon managed to conquer most of the northern Italy for France. After, he moved to... (just read)
Suppress religious orders, end serfdom, and limit noble privilege.
36
Napoleon: Why did France want to have control over Egypt?
Major shipping route for Britain
37
What did Napoleon do in order to solve France's domestic problems?
-Establish the Bank of France -A reformed tax system -A positive relationship with the Catholic Church -Acted as though he wanted to give the Church power back but really want the Church to support his regime. It worked
38
What was the Napoleonic Code?
He rewrote the legal system of France, reflecting ancient Roman Law. -Recognized the equality of all men -Guranteed religious freedom adn the right to choose any occupation -Rights to protect women and children were abolished
39
What was Napoleon's goal to the continental system?
to economically isolate Britain and promote Napoleon's mastery over Europe
40
What was the turning point for Napoleon? (when he started to lose)
The Battle of Borodino. This weakend the French army enough for the final battle in Belgium where an allied coalition would take out Napoleon for good.
41
After Napoleon's exile, what occurs that makes him go back into power?
Louis XVIII gets renounced
42
Where is the site of Napoleon's last stand? Who took him out?
Waterloo, Belgium. Where both the British and the Prussians would take out the French Army.
43
How did Quebec Nationalism start?
English speaking minority in Quebec controlled the economy, French speakers felt alienated from society
44
What was the Quiet Revolution?
Changes made by the liberal government under the leadership of Jean Lesage to improve public service, improve wages/pension benefits, strengthen Quebec's economy by devloping provincial industry
45
What three main changes were made in Quebec?
1. Secularization (seperation of the church and state, church removed as the head of many programs including education) 2. Economic Reform (economically independent, increase # of jobs, introduce new industry to stimulate economy and use natural resources, new labour code, workers could join unions and go on strike) 3.Nationalism (quebecois felt "second-class")
46
What was the Royal Commission on Bilingualism & Biculturalism?
-Established to study French language and culture in Canada -Gov. services support minority language groups in all provinces -Canada will be officially bilingual -More French-Canadians employed in the federal civil service -French becomes primary language of business and government in Quebec
47
What was the Official Languages Act?
-Officially recognized Canada as having two official languages -Most Quebec nationalists didn't care about encouraging the French language across Canada -Wanted to prohibit English in Quebec
48
What was Bill 101?
Made French the only working language in Quebec
49
What was the Quebec Referendum?
Quebec's independence from Canada politcally, while maintaining close economic ties
50
What were the five key pushes of the American Revolution?
1. Taxation 2. Boston Massacre 3. Gaspee Incident 4. Intolerable Acts 5. Quebec Act
51
How was Britain before the American Revolution?
Britain expanded their colonial power into the New World. They established 13 colonies along the East coast of what would become America. Each colony was run independently and each had their own seperate colonial government run by the British
52
What was the Boston Massacre?
Due to high taxation, riots took place in Boston. Soldiers fired at the crowd.
53
What was the Gaspee Incident?
The Gaspee was a British schooner that enforced trade regulations along the coast. The ship was attacked, boarded, stripped of valuables, and torched by American patriots led by the Sons of Liberty.
54
What were the intolerable acts?
After many acts of defiance including the Boson Tea Party, Britain responded by closing the port of Boston and put these into place. These consisted of -The port of Boston being closed -Brought the government of Massachusetts under control of the British government -Allowed the governor to move trials of accused royal officials to another colony or even Britain-believed it allowed Britain officials to harass Americas and then escape justice -Allowed a governor to house soliders in other buildings than barracks if suitable quarters were not provided
55
What was the Quebec Act? (American Revolution)
Quebec had been conquered by Britain. The act gave the Catholic Church in Quebec the right to collect taxes and expand French region in North America

Social 20-1 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions