The Bitch

Question 1

How does E2 address incompetence of the urethral sphincter

Answer 1

Increases affinity of alpha adrenergic receptors for sympathetic neurotransmitters in the sphincter. Can also use sympathominetics

Question 2

Prevent estrus

Answer 2

-Ovaban (megesteol acetate) in anestrus or in the first 3 days of proestrus. Treat for 8 days
-Mibilerone - androgen = negative feedback on pituitary

Question 3

Ovarian aplasia/hypoplasia

Answer 3

Increased gonadotropins because no inhibition

Question 4

Anovulation vs. split heat

Answer 4

• split heat bleeding stops in a few days
• anovulation tends to have prolong proestrus
• split heat returns to proestrus in a few weeks
• anovulation returns to heat months later

Question 5

Luteal cyst

Answer 5

No other condition is likely to produce a prolonged luteal phase with an elevated progesterone concentration

Question 6

Pseudohermaphrodites

Answer 6

• named by the gonads
• 78,XY most common
• gonads, but female genitals
• differentiation of the female tract and genitalia and lack of male tubular tract occurs when anti-mullerian hormone and testosterone normally produced by embryonic testis are either not produced or not recognized because of lack of or abnormal function of receptors for these hormones.
• could also be problem with 5a reductase
• 78,XX rare = usually when exogenous progesterone given during pregnancy

Question 7

True hermaphrodite

Answer 7

• sex chromosome form an additional source
• either admixture of cells from male and female embryos (twins) in embryogenesis
• or fertilization of second polar body by a different sperm with a different sex chromosome