The Brain

Question 1

Four major parts of the brain

Answer 1

Brain stem
Diencephalon
Cerebrum
Cerebellum

Question 2

Brain stem contains

Answer 2

Pons
Medulla oblongata
Midbrain

Question 3

Diencephalon

Answer 3

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland

Question 4

Cerebrum

Answer 4

Bulk of the brain

Surface is composed of a thin layer of gray matter, the cerebral cortex

Question 5

CSF circulates through

Answer 5

The subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord and through cavities in the brain known as ventricles

Question 6

Number of ventricles?

Answer 6

4

2 lateral
1 3rd
1 4th

Question 7

Site of CSF production

Answer 7

Choroid plexuses

Question 8

From which ventricle does the CSF flow from into the central canal

Answer 8

Fourth ventricle

Question 9

The CSF is reabsorbed into the blood via

Answer 9

Arachnoid villi

Question 10

The CSF drains primarily into which vein

Answer 10

Superior Sagittarius sinus

Question 11

Reticular formation of the brain stem

Answer 11

Where white and grey matter intermingle

Question 12

Medulla oblongata

Answer 12

Continuation of the spinal cord

Contains ascending and descending tracts btw the spinal cord and the brain

Question 13

Two major nuclei of the medulla

Answer 13

Cardiovascular center

Medullary respiratory center

Question 14

Medulla contains nuclei associated with

posterior part

Answer 14

Touch
Pressure
Vibration
And conscious proprioception

Question 15

Reflexes the medulla control

Answer 15

Swallowing
Vomiting
Coughing
Hiccuping 
Sneezing

Question 16

What are the five cranial nerves associated with the medulla

Answer 16

Vestibulcochlear (CNXIII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI) 
Hypoglossal (XII)

Question 17

PONs

Answer 17

Sites where signals for voluntary movements that originate in the cerebral cortex are relayed into the cerebellum

Question 18

Pons plus the medullary respiratory center helps control

Answer 18

Breathing

Question 19

Nerves associated with the pons

Answer 19

Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial vestibulocochlear

Question 20

Midbrain

Answer 20

Connects the pons to the dicephalon

Question 21

Anterior midbrain contains a pair of large tracts called the

Answer 21

Cerebral peduncles

Question 22

Cerebral peduncles function

Answer 22

Contain axons of motor neurons that conduct nerve impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord, medulla, and pons

Question 23

Loss of these neurons are associated with Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 23

Substantia nigra ( large and darkly pigmented)

Question 24

The red nuclei of the mud brain form synapses with axons from the cerebellum and cerebral cortex which function with the cerebellum to coordinate

Answer 24

Muscular movements

Question 25

Cranial nerves Associated with the midbrain

Answer 25

Oculomotor | Trochlear

Question 26

Several reflex arcs pass thru this structure involved tracking and scanning movements of the eye, head, and neck due to visual stimuli (Midbrain)

Answer 26

Superior colliculi

Question 27

Reflex center for startle reflex, sudden movements of the head and body that occur when surprised by a loud noise Relay auditory pathways to the thalamus

Answer 27

Inferior colliculi

Question 28

Ascending part of the reticular formation in the midbrain

Answer 28

Reticular activating system (RAS)

Question 29

RAS is involved in

Answer 29

Consciousness | State of wakefulness

Question 30

Inactivation of what produces sleep

Answer 30

RAS

Question 31

The reticular formation’s main descending function help regulate

Answer 31

Muscle tone

Question 32

Major relay station for most sensory impulses that reach the cerebral cortex from the spinal cord and brain stem Plays a role in the maintain of consciousness

Answer 32

Thalamus

Question 33

Below the thalamus Above the pituitary gland Function related to homeostasis

Answer 33

Hypothalamus

Question 34

Control of the ANS Control of the pituitary and production of hormones Regulation of emotional and behavioral patterns Regulation of eating and drinking Control of body temp Regulation of circadian rhythms and states of consciousness

Answer 34

Hypothalamus

Question 35

Pea size | Secreted melatonin

Answer 35

Pineal gland

Question 36

Helps smooth and coordinate complex sequence of skeletal muscle contraction

Answer 36

Cerebellum

Question 37

Consists of the cerebral cortex | Ability to read, write, and speak etc

Answer 37

Cerebrum

Question 38

What connects the two hemispheres

Answer 38

Corpus callosum

Question 39

The four lines of the cerebrum

Answer 39

Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital

Question 40

What separate the frontal and parietal lobes

Answer 40

Central sulcus

Question 41

What contains the primary motor area of the cerebral cortex

Answer 41

Precentral gyrus

Question 42

Contains primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex

Answer 42

Postcentral gyrus

Question 43

“ globus pallidus” “ putamen “ caudate nucleus” Help initiate and terminate movements Regulate muscle tone Subconscious contractions of muscle

Answer 43

Basal nuclei

Question 44

``` Ring of structures on the inner border of the cerebrum “Emotional brain” Controls range of emotions Px Pleasure etc Control of overall behavior Memory ```

Answer 44

Limbic system

Question 45

Lobe that contains the primary somatosensory region

Answer 45

Parietal lobe

Question 46

The primary visual area

Answer 46

Occipital lobe

Question 47

Primary auditory area

Answer 47

Temporal lobe

Question 48

Primary gustatory area located at the base of postcentral gyrus and receives impulses for taste

Answer 48

Blank

Question 49

The primary olfactory area located

Answer 49

On the medial aspect of the temporal lobe

Question 50

Primary motor area and Broca’s area is located

Answer 50

In the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe