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BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEOPATHY 6 > The Brain, Ventricles And Meninges > Flashcards

The Brain, Ventricles And Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

What what layer of the tri layer embryo does the CNS originate

A

Ectoderm

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2
Q

What does the forebrain include

A

Cerebral cortex and diencephalon

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3
Q

What does the midbrain include

A

Midbrain

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4
Q

What does the hind brain include

A

Pons medulla oblongata and cerebrum

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5
Q

What are the three primary vesicles of the neural tube

A

Forebrain mid brain and hindbrain

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6
Q

What is contain in grey matter

A

Cell bodies

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7
Q

What is contained in white matter

A

Axons

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8
Q

What is the cerebrum divided into

A

Left and right hemispheres

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9
Q

What are the elevated ridges of the brain called

A

Gyri

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10
Q

What are the valleys of the brain called

A

Sulci

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11
Q

What are the valleys of the brain called

A

Sulci

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12
Q

How many lobes in each hemisphere

A

5

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13
Q

What are glial cells

A

Delicate CT that surrounds the CNS to support and bind it together

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14
Q

How can regions of the cerebral cortex be classified

A

By function. Motor sensory or association areas

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15
Q

Each himspheres of the brain are primarily concerned with the contra lateral side of the body. T or F

A

True

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16
Q

What are the lateralised capabilities of the left brain

A

Language maths and logic

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17
Q

What are the lateralised capabilities of the right brain

A

Emotions. Artistic skills and spatial awareness

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18
Q

What are association fibres

A

Connects different parts of the brain in the same hemisphere

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19
Q

What are commissural fibres

A

Connections between corresponding areas in the same hemisphere

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20
Q

What are projection fibres

A

Fibres that carry all info in and out of the CNS

21
Q

what is the main function of the thalamus

A

major relay station of the brain
receives almost all sensory info
involved in memory and emotion

22
Q

what is the main function of the hypothalamus

A

most physiological functions involved in maintaining homeostasis inc. hormone secretion, autonomic nervous system, thermoregulation, hunger/thirst, circadian rhythm, emotional functions

23
Q

what is the main part of the epithalamus

A

pineal gland

24
Q

what is the main function of the epithalamus

A

together with the hypothlamus it regulates the sleep wake cycle by secreting melatonin

25
Q

what is the main function of the limbic system

A

emotional behaviours and interpretation of internal and external stimuli

26
Q

where is the limbic system located

A

medial aspect of each cerebral hemisphere

27
Q

the limbic system has extensive connections between the cortex and brainstem t or f

A

true

28
Q

how many hollow cavities (ventricles) in the brain

A

four within each hemisphere

29
Q

what are the names of the ventricles

A

x2 lateral ventricles
third ventricle
fourth ventricle

30
Q

what connects the ventricles in the brain

A

a series of channels

31
Q

what are ventricles filled with

A

CSF

32
Q

what produces CSF

A

choroid plexus

33
Q

what are the functions of the CSF

A

provides mechanical cushioning for the brain and sc
medium for chemical communication

34
Q

where are the choroid plexus’

A

in each of the ventricles in the brain

35
Q

what are the meninges

A

three CT membranes that enclose the brain and SC

36
Q

in the spinal cord meninges, which layers are the blood vessels between

A

pia and arachnoid mater layers

36
Q

what are the spaces between the layers of the meninges called

A

subdural space
sub arachnoid space

36
Q

what are the names of each layer of meninges

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

37
Q

what are the two layers of the dura mater

A

periosteal layer - adheres to the cranial periosteum
meningeal layer - adheres to the sulci and fissures of the brain

38
Q

is there space between the periosteal later and meningeal layer of the dura mater in the skull

A

no (occasionally though)

39
Q

what are the 4 extensions of the dura mater in the skull (dura septa)

A

falx cerebri
falx cerebelli
tentorium cerebelli
diaphragma sellae

40
Q

where is the falx cerebri

A

between the hemispheres of the cerebrum

41
Q

where is the falx cerebelli

A

between the halves of the cerebellum

42
Q

where is the tentorium cerebelli

A

over the cerebellum

43
Q

where is the diaphragma sellae

A

over the pituitary gland

44
Q

where does the thecal sac end

A

s2 level

45
Q

what is the space between the spinal and periosteal meningeal layers of the dura mater on the Spinal Cord called

A

epidural space

46
Q

where is the epidural space narrowest

A

cx region

47
Q

where is the epidural space widest (1-2mm)

A

l2-3 (5-6mm)

BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEOPATHY 6 (8 decks)

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