The Break from Rome and the Reformation Flashcards
(17 cards)
Define Reformation.
Religious Europe-wide movement adopted over time during the Tudor period where there were differing levels due to monarchs and timings.
Define the Break from Rome.
A political/power issue - England challenged the Pope’s Supremacy leading to structural changes in influence and power led by Cromwell on behalf of Henry in the Reformation parliaments. Secured legal status away from Catholic Church and some Reformation aspects.
When had Henry broken from Rome?
End of 1534.
What were the motives?
.Reformation - 16th century movement.
.Anticlericalism - opposing Catholic Church.
.Divorce/annulment - perpetuate dynasty.
.Boleyn/Supporters - Tyndale, Fish, Larimer, Cranmer, Parker.
.Monastery dissolution - money for foreign policy/beneficial outcomes.
What were the different strands of anti-clericalism?
.Negative, destructive - local widespread dissatisfaction.
.Positive, idealistic, secular - remove Pope authority, redirect wealth.
.Positive, idealistic, religious - theological, change Christian life.
.Heresy - Lollardy, personal piety, opposed sacraments/relics/symbols of saints. Small numbers.
How was Henry VIII influenced?
.Wolsey fall to Praemunire.
.Wolsey replacement layman Thomas More.
.Prolongued Parliament summoning for changes - anti-clerical body overall.
What was the convocation on 19th January 1531?
Group from Parliament of English Church - met at Westminster and agreed Henry to be the Supreme Head of the Church.
What was Cranmer’s mission?
Implement Royal Supremacy and declared Catherine marriage unlawful.
Why was Thomas More imprisoned?
Opposed King’s choices - refused oath of accepting Papal changes/Anne’s marriage. Couldn’t be Supreme Head.
What was the Reformation of the monasteries?
1536-40 - abolished and dissolved - monks pensioned off and treasures/buildings confiscated - some retained.
What was the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Uprising - Lincolnshire to North -wanted monasteries/old religion restored. 30,000 men and 12,000 reserves to Doncaster (largest since 8,000 WotR) and pardoned. Blamed on Cranmer, leaders arrested.
How important was supremacy?
Very - King Supreme of Church, Papal authority crushed, Cromwell above Church, Church no longer separate and against Magna Carta, Pope no power in England.
How important was Church Organisation?
Not very - 6 new dioceses built - administration but 1 abolished English Bible enforced/restricted to higher class - no change stuck for long.
How important was doctrine?
Very - waves of Protestantism and Catholicism - King’s uncertainty. Harshly enforced.
How important was Religious Practise?
Quite - Shrine destroyed/relics removed, transubstantiated still implemented - executed if not believed but was like this before the Reformation.
How important were the Monasteries?
Very - Crown gained a lot of money, many monks/nuns moved, led to Pilgrimage of Grace.
What other facts are there?
.1534 - Cromwell Vicegerent in Spirituals.
.6 new dioceses, 1 abolished.
.Spiritual jurisdiction under Arch/Bishops control.
.Pilgrimage of Grace, all leaders submitted.
.1536/8 - royal jurisdictions issued, pilgrimage/holy days restricted.
.After 1538 - public recant.
.Many relied on images.
.1539 - Great Bible title page.
.Justification and consubstantiation arose.
.Ten Articles - only 3 necessary.
