the calvin cycle - lqc 12c

Question 1

where does the light independant state take place

Answer 1

stroma of the chloroplasts

Question 2

label

Answer 2

Question 3

describe stage 1

Answer 3

6x CO2 combine with 6x 5C compound ribulase biphosphate (RuBP) this is catalysed by the enzyme RuBISCO- known as carbon fixation

Question 4

describe stage 2

Answer 4

6 unstable intermediate 6C compounds are formed, they immediately split into 12C 3C compounds - glycerate 3-phosphate (GP)

Question 5

describe stage 3

Answer 5

each GP is reduced to form GALP hydrogens come from oxidation of NADPH, energy is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi

Question 6

describe stage 4

Answer 6

2 of the 12 GALPS formed are removed from the cycle. they combine to create a hexose sugar which can be converted into other organic molecules for use by the plant

Question 7

describe stage 5

Answer 7

the remaining 10 GALPS are used to regenerate the 6 RuBP, the GALP is phosphorylated, the energy and phosphate for this is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi