The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Function of veins

Answer 1

1. Take blood to the heart
2. Have thinner and and less muscular wall than arteries
3. Blood is under lower pressure than arteries

Question 2

Veins valves

Answer 2

Ensure that the blood flows in one direction and does not flow back towards the heart and are present every few centimetres

Question 3

Function of capillaries

Answer 3

1. One cell thick

2. Allows the exchange of nutrients and respiratory gases on the surface

Question 4

How is blood pumped around the body

Answer 4

Blood flows around the body in a ‘figure of eight’ circuit, passing through the heart on each circuit

Question 5

Name the 4 pulses

Answer 5

Temporal pulse
Carotid pulse
Radial pulse
Femoral pulse

Question 6

Temporal pulse

Answer 6

Found over the temple in either side of head

Question 7

Carotid pulse

Answer 7

Either side on neck, to the side of windpipe

Question 8

Radial pulse

Answer 8

Base of thumb, inside of each wrist

Question 9

Femoral pulse

Answer 9

Top of each leg in the groin

Question 10

Effects of the body when completing exercise

Answer 10

1. Blood pressure increases
2. Heart rate increases
3. Body temperature increases
4. Stroke volume increases
   5 cardiac output increases

Question 11

Heart rate/ pulse rate

Answer 11

The number of times your heart beats every minute

Question 12

Cardiovascular system

Answer 12

The main delivery system for the body, blood moves from heart to deliver oxygen to the body

Question 13

What is the CV system made up of

Answer 13

Blood
Blood vessels
Heart

Question 14

Why is the CV system so important

Answer 14

Delivers blood and oxygen to the body to the pets that need it, the body relies on the CV system

Question 15

How is blood pressure taken

Answer 15

Take in the arm

Systolic/ diastolic

Question 16

Systolic pressure

Answer 16

The arterial pressure produces when the right ventricle contracts

Question 17

Diastolic pressure

Answer 17

Arterial pressure when the right ventricle relaxes

Question 18

3 ways to measure heart performance when exercising

Answer 18

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Cardiac volume

Question 19

Stroke volume

Answer 19

The output of blood in one beat

Question 20

Cardiac output

Answer 20

Heart rate x stroke volume

Question 21

What would happen to a marathon whilst running

Answer 21

1. Removes lactic acid from the body to avoid pain
2. Reduce body temperature via blood and sweating
3. Blood goes into the surface of the skin to lose hot air
4. Waste disposal unit for CO2

Question 22

Function of arteries

Answer 22

1. Carry blood away from heart

2. Have thick elastic muscular wall

Question 23

Device use to measure blood pressure

Answer 23

Sphygmomanometer

Question 24

Average caused for systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Answer 24

120/80

Question 25

What happens to blood pressure as you get older

Answer 25

It increases

Question 26

Strategies to keep blood pressure at normal levels

Answer 26

1. Less stress 2. Exercise regularly 3. Diet

Question 27

Long term effects of exercise

Answer 27

1. Low resting HR 2. Reduces heart disease 3. Reduces chance of strokes

Question 28

Cardiac output

Answer 28

Volume of blood per minute

Question 29

What is cholesterol

Answer 29

1. Surrounds every cell in your body, too mic cholesterol can be bad 2. It comes from saturated fat in certain types if food that is made in lot cholesterol by your liver

Question 30

How does cholesterol travel

Answer 30

1. It travels as a component of lipoproteins which allows fat to move through water inside and outside of your cells

Question 31

Type of lipoproteins

Answer 31

1. High density lipoproteins | 2. Low density lipoproteins

Question 32

What are hug density lipoproteins

Answer 32

1. Good cholesterol 2. Cruises the blood stream removing harmful cholesterol 3. Lower the risk of heart disease 4. Low levels of HDL increases the risks

Question 33

What makes HDL cholesterol so good

Answer 33

1. Essential fat that provide stability in ever Collin your body 2. Transported by helper lipoproteins take cholesterol away from where is shouldn't be 3. Each lipoprotein has its own preferences with the cholesterol that it's carries

Question 34

Where to Low Density Lipoproteins come from

Answer 34

Some from diet and some from liver, they and dissolve in blood

Question 35

What do LDL do

Answer 35

1. Collect in walls of blood vessels putting you in higher risk of heart attacks from sudden blood clots in an artery

Question 36

What is hypertrophy

Answer 36

Involves an increase in Skeletal muscle though an increase in size the size of its component cells

Question 37

When does hypertrophy occur

Answer 37

During exercise

Question 38

What is atrophy

Answer 38

Muscles decrease in size when performers don't exercise or lack of exercise

Question 39

Why bother to exercise

Answer 39

1. The component cells increase in size and so does muscle 2. Increase in muscle strength 3. Become more toned

Question 40

What leads to coronary heart disease

Answer 40

Humph levels of LDL's and triglycerides (type of Pretoria) and low amount of HDL's can lead to coronary heart disease

Question 41

How do you lower the level of bad cholesterol in your body

Answer 41

1. Exercise | 2. Modify your diet