The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is the cardiovascular systems main responsibility?

Answer 1

The circulation of blood

Question 2

What are the 3 main structures of the CVS?

Answer 2

The heart
The blood vessels
The blood

Question 3

What is the water solution called that cell particles float in?

Answer 3

Plasma

Question 4

How much of the human body weight does blood make up?

Answer 4

8%

Question 5

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 5

A red blood cell with a biconcave disc without a nucleus

Question 6

What are leucocytes?

Answer 6

White blood cell, involved in defence

Question 7

What are thrombocytes?

Answer 7

Plates which help clotting.

Question 8

Name the three main stages of blood flow.

Answer 8

From lungs
Body
To lungs

Question 9

How does blood flow from the lungs to the body?

Answer 9

Pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries

Question 10

How does blood flow from the body to the lungs?

Answer 10

Capillaries -> venules -> veins -> vena cava -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery

Question 11

Which organ is called the muscular pump?

Answer 11

The heart

Question 12

Where about a is the heart located?

Answer 12

The thoracic cavity

Question 13

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 13

4

Question 14

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 14

Upper chambers - atria

Lower chambers - ventricles

Question 15

What is the left side of the heart responsible for?

Answer 15

Oxygenated blood

Question 16

What is the right side of the heart responsible for?

Answer 16

Deoxygenated blood

Question 17

What is the heart primary function?

Answer 17

To circulate oxygenated blood around the body.

Question 18

Where does the oxygenated blood go?

Answer 18

To the body

Question 19

Where does the deoxygenated blood go?

Answer 19

To the lungs

Question 20

What is blood pressure?

Answer 20

The measure of the force that the blood applies on the walls of the arteries as it flows through them

Question 21

What is blood pressure measured in?

Answer 21

Millimetres of mercury (mmHg)

Question 22

What is systolic blood pressure? (SBP)

Answer 22

Contracting and pumping blood

Question 23

What is diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 23

Relaxing and filling with blood

Question 24

What is a normal SBP and DBP measurement ?

Answer 24

SBP >120mmHg and DBP >80mmHg

Question 25

What is an elevated SBP and DBP?

Answer 25

SBP- 120-129 mmHg and DBP - >80 mmHg

Question 26

What is an example of hypertension stage 1 SBP And DBP?

Answer 26

SBP- 130-139 mmHg or DBP- 80-90 mmHg

Question 27

What is an example of stage 2 hypertension SDP DBP?

Answer 27

SDP - < 140 mmHg or DBP < 90 mmHg

Question 28

What is an example of hypertension crisis?

Answer 28

SBP- <180 mmHg and/or DBP- <120 mmHg

Question 29

What happens in pulmonary circulation?

Answer 29

Circulation between the heart and the lungs

Question 30

What are the 4 stages of pulmonary circulation?

Answer 30

right ventricle Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Left atrium

Question 31

What happens in systemic circulation?

Answer 31

Circulation between the heart and the body.

Question 32

What are the 5 stages in systemic circulation?

Answer 32

``` Left ventricle Aorta, arteries, arterioles Capillaries, venules, veins Vena cava Right atrium ```

Question 33

Give 5 factors affecting blood pressure

Answer 33

``` Alcohol Smoking Nutrition Medications Massage Physical activity Breathing Age ```