The care of the newborn and the preterm infant Flashcards
(27 cards)
Apgar score based on?
Physiologic responses to the birth process. If we need to resuscitate the newborn
Low Apgar score <7 what to do?
Assisted ventilation, facemask and endotrachial tube. ABCDE.
SGA
Infants who are mildly to moderately SGA, appear smaller than normal and decreased fat.
IUGR can be asymmetrical or symmetrical
Asymmetrical -
Symmetrical -
Early term infant
Between 37-38 weeks
Full term infant
Between 39-40 weeks
Post term infant
> 42 weeks
Extreme low body weight
< 1000 g
Low body weight
< 2500 g
Very low body weight
< 1500 g
Measurements normal range
10th - 90th percentile
Length
50 cm
Weight
3 - 4 kg
Head circumference
33 - 37 cm
Vital signs
RR: 40-60 breaths pm
Hr: 120 - 160 bpm
pH
> 7.2 slightly more acidic than adults
Urine and meconium first passage
Urine within 24 h
Meconium within 48 h
Losing weight after birth
Loss up to 7% of birth weight in the first 5 days
Newborn screening: endocrine
Congenital hypothyroidism
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Newborn screening: metabolic condition
Disorders of fatty acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism - phenylketonuria - homocyteinuria - maple syrup urine disease
Newborn screening: hemoglobinopathies
Sickle cell disease
Beta thalassemia
Newborn screening: Other conditions
Hearing loss CF Congenital heart defects Galactosemia Severe combined immunodeficiencies Glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease) Spinal muscular atrophy
Postnatal assessment methods
Gestational age
Estimated gestational age: new Ballard Score
Combining physical and neurologic criteria
(easier than Dubowitz method)
Physical criteria postnatal assessment
Creases on the sole of the foot Presence and size of breast nodule Lanugo Ear cartilage characteristics Appearance of genitalia
