The catholic challenge (home and abroad)

Question 1

What was the Counter Reformation?

Answer 1

This was the Catholic church’s attempt to reverse the Protestant Reformation in Europe and stop it’s spread. Protestants in Europe were charged with heresy. (denying the teachings of the catholic church)

Question 2

In what year did the Reformation begin?

Answer 2

1517

Question 3

What does the Counter Reformation lead to in 1543-63?

Answer 3

Leads to determination to reverse gains made by Protestantism in Europe and England.

Question 4

What were the aims of the Reformation?

Answer 4

The aims of the Reformation was to prevent Protestantism from spreading.

Question 5

Between what years was Catholicism restored?

Answer 5

1553-58

Question 6

A large part of the ________ were Recusants?

Answer 6

The Gentry

Question 7

What did the catholic threat lead to?

Answer 7

It lead to the Revolt of the Northern Earls (1569-70)

Question 8

In what year did the Dutch rebel against Spanish occupation?

Answer 8

1566

Question 9

What factor angered Spain?

Answer 9

Spain was angered by England’s seizure of ships carrying loan, arguing it belonged to Italian bankers.

Question 10

What country did Catholics make peace with?

Answer 10

France

Question 11

Who did the Pope excommunicate?

Answer 11

Elizabeth in 1570.

Question 12

What did the Privy Council fear?

Answer 12

Feared a Spanish invasion as they were close to England.

Question 13

Who encouraged to plot against Elizabeth?

Answer 13

Mary Queen of Scots encouraged the Spanish government to plot against Elizabeth.

Question 14

Where were Protestants mainly found?

Answer 14

Mainly found in Northern Europe (Netherlands, Germany…)

Question 15

Was the number of English Protestants increasing or decreasing since the 1530s?

Answer 15

The number of English protestants since the 1530s was growing.

Question 16

What did the Reformation do?

Answer 16

The Reformation divided the Christian Church between Catholics and Protestants from 1517.

Question 17

When were churches reformed?

Answer 17

Churches were reformed in 1517

Question 18

What are some reasons to why the colonisation of Virginia failed?

Answer 18

• Lack of skill and experience
• Lack of food
• Native American attack
• War with Spain
• Poor leadership by Richard Grenville.

Question 19

What were some reasons to why Virginia was attempted to be colonised?

Answer 19

• Raleigh- able to persuade investors that it would be profitable
• Trade (meant good profit)
• Welcoming and friendly natives
• Successful colony in Virginia (made it easier to fund other ventures)

Question 20

What did the Throckmorton plot reveal?

Answer 20

Revealed the extent of the threat posed by Foreign Catholic powers.

Question 21

Who was the Throckmorton plot plotted by?

Answer 21

The French Duke of Guise

Question 22

What did the Babington plot lead to?

Answer 22

The execution of MQS

Question 23

What was the plan of the Babington plot?

Answer 23

The plan was for the Duke of Guise to invade England, murder Elizabeth and put MQS on the throne.

Question 24

Who supported the Babington plot?

Answer 24

The Pope and Phillip 11 of Spain

Question 25

What plot lead to the Duke of Norfolk's execution?

Answer 25

The Ridolfi plot

Question 26

What was a reason for the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 26

The Northern Earls and their followers wanted to make England Catholic again.

Question 27

Why did the Revolt fail?

Answer 27

- Support from Spain never arrived - Many Northern landowners in Lancashire remained loyal to Eliz. - Many landowners didn't want to risk losing wealth gained by the monasteries gained under Henry VIII

Question 28

What was significant about the Revolt?

Answer 28

It showed how MQS could not be trusted, therefore she remained in prison. Government had to now take harsh steps against Catholics.

Question 29

What were some reasons for exploration?

Answer 29

- Private investment - Expanding trade - Adventure (accounts on voyages) - New technology - Development of standardised maps - Improvements in ship design

Question 30

What was so significant about Drake's circumnavigation?

Answer 30

- Voyage meant that England claimed the right to rule much of North America. - English ships began to trade elsewhere.

Question 31

Who becomes involved in Catholic plots against Elizabeth?

Answer 31

Philip II

Question 32

During rivalry with Spain, Elizabeth's government secretly helped who and why?

Answer 32

Secretly helped Dutch protestants to resist Spanish which provided financial support to others fighting the Spanish.

Question 33

In what year was England and Spain close to war?

Answer 33

1587

Question 34

In what year did the Spanish government in the Netherlands find the war unaffordable?

Answer 34

1576

Question 35

What did a lack of funds in Spanish troops lead to?

Answer 35

The Spanish Fury (troops looted Antwerp)

Question 36

What did the Pacification of Ghent call for?

Answer 36

It called for all Spanish Troops to be expelled from the Netherlands.

Question 37

In what years did England and Spain compete for resources of the New World?

Answer 37

1570s