The Cell: Organelles & Inclusions Flashcards

1
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Small vesicles in cytoplasm that contain enzymes that degrade hydrogen peroxide and fatty acids

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2
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

One or more flattened stacks of membranes that modify and package proteins and lipids for intracellular or extra cellular use

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3
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

The cell membrane, composed of a lipid bilateral that functions in protection, secretion, uptake, sensitivity, adhesion, and support.

The membrane can fuse with a secretory vesicle to release its contents in a process called exocytosis, or take up extra cellular substances in a process called pinocytosis.

The membrane may possess specialized receptors along its surface.

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The aqueous matrix of the cell outside of the nucleus, contains inorganic ions, organic molecules, intermediate metabolites, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and RNA

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5
Q

Mitochondria

A

Organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via oxidative phosphorylation for energy

Mitochondria possess an outer membrane and a folded inner membrane

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6
Q

Lysosomes

A

Vesicles containing digestive enzymes

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7
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough)

A

Membranous network in the cytoplasm, studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis

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8
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth)

A

Membranous network in the cytoplasm lacking ribosomes and involved with lipid and steroid synthesis

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9
Q

Centrioles

A

Paired bundle-like inclusions essential for chromosome movement in cell division

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10
Q

Nucleolus

A

A small structure within the nucleus containing condensations of RNA and proteins

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11
Q

Cell Nucleus

A

Structure surrounded by inner and outer membranes

The nucleus contains chromosomes, enzymes, and RNA

The nuclear membrane, or envelope, is perforated by small nuclear pores

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12
Q

Ribosomes

A

Tiny particles in cytoplasm containing RNA and proteins, both free and attached to rough ER

Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis by translating the amino acid protein coding under the direction of the messenger RNA (mRNA)

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13
Q

Microfilaments

A

Inclusions that provide strength and support for the cell

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14
Q

Microtubules

A

Inclusions contained in the cytoskeleton that’s assist in intracellular transport

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15
Q

Organelles

A

Basic internal structures of the cell, surrounded by a membrane

Function cooperatively in a variety of ways that allow cells and tissues to perform their unique functions

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16
Q

Inclusions

A

Basic internal structures of the cell, not surrounded by a membrane