The Changing Economic World Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is development?
Development is the ways in which a country seeks to develop economically and to improve the standard of living
What is a HIC, give examples?
High Income Country
Dubai, England, USA, Japan, Sweden
What is a NEE, give examples?
Newly Emerging Economy
India, Brazil, China
What is a LIC, give examples?
Low Income Country
Sudan, Demographic Republic of Congo, Nepal
What two things lead to development?
- Wealth
- Education
What is Economic development?
A measurement of a country’s wealth and how it is generated
What is human development?
It measures the access the population had to wealth, jobs, education, nutrition, health, leisure and safety
What is GNI per capita?
Gross national income per person. This is the average wealth per person in a country and is calculated by dividing the total wealth by the number of people. It is in US $. The wealth is calculated by adding the value of all products, taxes, and income from abroad.
What is total fertility rate?
The average number of babies a woman has in her lifetime
What is death rate?
The number of deaths per 1000 people in the midyear population
What is infant mortality rate?
The number of babies who died before they reached the age of one per 1000 live births per year
What is life expectancy?
The average number of years that a person is expected to live if the current mortality rates continue to apply
What is adult literacy rates?
The percentage of the population (older than 15) who can read and write
What is the HDI?
Human development index. A statistic used to measure a countries overall social and economic development based on health, level of education and standard of living this is a composite index.
What is happy index?
The extent to which countries deliver long happy sustainable lives for the people that live in them. The index uses data on life expectancy, well-being, and ecological footprint.
What is a population pyramid?
Graphs that show population structures
What is the development gap?
The difference in standards of living and wellbeing between the worlds richest and poorest countries
What is a physical cause of uneven development?
Land Locked Countries: it is a country with no access to seas therefore they are cut off from seaborne trade.
Extreme Weather: this can slow development and it can be costly to repair damaged infrastructures.
Climate: diseases and pests can spread disease to people
What is an economic cause of uneven development?
Poverty causes poverty.
What is a historical cause of uneven development?
Many richer countries have a long history of industrial and economic development. Almost all of the wealth produced in this period went to European powers. The political instability has held back development. Colonisation, war and conflict cause the most poverty
What is the poverty cycle?
Family in poverty -> Child grows up in poverty -> Is significantly disadvantaged in education and skills -> Struggles to get a job -> Fail to escape the poverty cycle -> (back to beginning)
