The Changing Face of the Earth

Question 1

What is the breaking down of rock by physical processes, such as wind, water, and temperature changes?

Answer 1

Physical changes

Question 2

What is the breaking down of rock by chemical processes that change the composition of the rock?

Answer 2

Chemical weathering

Question 3

What causes rock to crack, split, and eventually break away from the sides of a mountain?

Answer 3

Expansion and contraction

Question 4

What is the weathering process that causes sheets of rock to peel away and eventually gives hills and boulders a dome shape?

Answer 4

Exfoliation

Question 5

What can grow into many cracks and crevices in rock, and as they grow?

Answer 5

Tree roots

Question 6

What acts as pioneers in weathering rocks because they are the first types of organisms to grow in rock crevices?

Answer 6

Mosses and lichens

Question 7

What is a kind of chemical weathering in which a substance combines chemically with oxygen to form a new substance?

Answer 7

Oxidation

Question 8

What is the process in which water molecules combine chemically with mineral molecules to become a new mineral with different minerals?

Answer 8

Hydration

Question 9

What is the process in which water causea certain mineral molecules to break down chemically to form different minerals?

Answer 9

Hydrolysis

Question 10

What is the process in which an acid dissolves minerals in rock and causes the rock to break down?

Answer 10

Solution weathering

Question 11

What compounds combine with raindrops to form acid rain?

Answer 11

Nitrogen compounds and sulfur compounds emitted by factories and automobiles

Question 12

What is the beginning of soil formation?

Answer 12

Weathering

Question 13

What is the thin, dark layer at the top of the soil profile?

Answer 13

Humus

Question 14

What is the organic portion of soil that supplies minerals for plant growth?

Answer 14

Humus

Question 15

What is the layer below the humus?

Answer 15

Topsoil layer

Question 16

What layer contains sand, clay, and organic matter?

Answer 16

Topsoil layer

Question 17

What is the perfect mixture of clay, sand, and silt?

Answer 17

Loam

Question 18

What is the most valuable types of soil to farm because it is easy to cultivate?

Answer 18

Loam

Question 19

What is formed by weathering of rocks from the local area, and the soil’s content depends on the type of rocks being weathered?

Answer 19

Residual soil

Question 20

What is a fine, powdery soil transported by winds or glaciers?

Answer 20

Loess

Question 21

What is the soil’s ability to produce good crops?

Answer 21

Soil fertility

Question 22

What organisms chemically break down organic matter into minerals plants need for growth?

Answer 22

Microorganisms

Question 23

What bacteria are able to combine nitrogen and oxygen into nitrate compounds green plants can use as fertilizer?

Answer 23

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Question 24

What becomes a dark brown material when a mixture of dead organic material decays?

Answer 24

Compost

Question 25

What is used as fertilizer on lawns and gardens?

Answer 25

Compost

Question 26

What is maintaining soil fertility by protecting the soil from erosion and other forms of destruction?

Answer 26

Soil conservation

Question 27

What is only useful as a soil conservation method on gently sloping lands?

Answer 27

Contour plowing

Question 28

What is used to prevent soil erosion on steep hills?

Answer 28

Terracing

Question 29

What is a method of soil conservation that involves adding humus to the soil and then tilling it into the topsoil to help replace lost minerals?

Answer 29

Mulching

Question 30

What involves supplying sufficient amounts of water to wash the salt out of the soil, as well as supplying the water requirements of the crops?

Answer 30

Effective use of irrigation

Question 31

What are examples of mass soil movements?

Answer 31

Rockslides, landslides, and mudslides

Question 32

What is a slope of rock debris at the base of a mountain?

Answer 32

Talus

Question 33

What is a bowl-shaped valley that was formed that was packed into glacial ice and slid down the mountain walls?

Answer 33

Cirque

Question 34

What are sharp-spined ridges of rock, remained between the valleys after glaciers scraped out the valleys?

Answer 34

Arêtes

Question 35

Why do glaciers move downhill?

Answer 35

Because of the force of gravity

Question 36

What is the downhill glacier movement caused by melting or deforming ice?

Answer 36

Creep

Question 38

What is the point where the ice at the end of the glacier begins to melt as fast as the glacier advances?

Answer 38

Terminus

Question 39

What is the process of ice breaking off the glacier into the ocean?

Answer 39

Calving

Question 40

What is glacial debris that is no longer moving with the glacier and left on the ground called?

Answer 40

Till

Question 41

What are ridges of till left by moving glaciers?

Answer 41

Moraines

Question 42

What are long, rounded hills of till formed by glaciers and are often found in large groups?

Answer 42

Drumlins

Question 43

What is an irregular-shaped hill of debris?

Answer 43

Kame

Question 44

What is the Scripture?

Answer 44

Isaiah 52:13 Behold, my servant shall deal prudently, he shall be exalted and extolled, and be very high.