The Chemical Context Of Life

Question 1

Anything that takes up space and has mass; material of which things are made

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

Answer 2

Atom

Question 3

The even smaller parts of an atom, (protons, neutrons, and electrons)

Answer 3

Subatomic particle

Question 4

Electrically positive subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 4

Proton

Question 5

Electrically neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 5

Neutron

Question 6

Electrically negative subatomic particle found in a cloud around the nucleus of an atom

Answer 6

Electron

Question 7

Substance that cannot be broken down to another substance by chemical reaction

Answer 7

Element

Question 8

Elements known to be essential to life (CHNOPS +Ca)

Answer 8

Essential elements

Question 9

Elements required by an organism in only minute quantities

Answer 9

Trace elements

Question 10

Substance consisting of two or more elements combined in a fixed ratio

Answer 10

Compound

Question 11

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Answer 11

Isotopes

Question 12

An unstable isotope in which the nucleus decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy

Answer 12

Radioactive isotopes

Question 13

The ability to do work

Answer 13

Energy

Question 14

The ability to make something happen that wouldn’t happen itself

Answer 14

Work

Question 15

Energy that matter stores, because of its position or location

Answer 15

Potential energy

Question 16

The energy of motion

Answer 16

Kinetic energy

Question 17

The energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Answer 17

Activation energy

Question 18

The attractions that hold atoms in interaction

Answer 18

Chemical bonds

Question 19

The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms (H2, O2, H2O, CH4)

Answer 19

Covalent bonds

Question 20

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Answer 20

Molecule

Question 21

The abbreviation of a structure using lines to show bonds (H-H)

Answer 21

Structural formula

Question 22

The abbreviation of a structure using subscripts (H2)

Answer 22

Molecules formula

Question 23

The attraction of an atom of the electrons of a covalent bond

Answer 23

Electronegative

Question 24

Two atoms with equal electronegativity example oil

Answer 24

Non polar covalent bond

Question 25

Two atoms with unequal electronegativity

Answer 25

Polar covalent bond

Question 26

The brief interaction of a positively and negatively charged regions of non-polar atoms

Answer 26

Waals interactions

Question 27

An interaction where a hydrogen bond covalently bonded to another electronegative atom is also attracted to an oxygen on another electronegative atom

Answer 27

Hydrogen bonds

Question 28

A charged atom

Answer 28

Ion

Question 29

A positive ion

Answer 29

Cation

Question 30

A negative ion

Answer 30

Anion

Question 31

Attraction of cation and anion that form an interaction

Answer 31

Ionic bond

Question 32

Ionic bonds in a compound; salts

Answer 32

Ionic compound

Question 33

The starting materials in a chemical reaction

Answer 33

Reactants

Question 34

The final materials in a chemical reaction

Answer 34

Products

Question 35

The sharing of two pairs of valence electrons such as in two oxygen atoms

Answer 35

Double covalent bond

Question 36

Reactions are still going on, but no net effect on the concentrations of the reactants and products

Answer 36

Dynamic equilibrium

Question 37

Reaction in which one of the reactants loses electrons becoming more positive

Answer 37

Oxidation

Question 38

Reaction in which one of the reactants gain electrons becoming more negative

Answer 38

Reduction

Question 39

The making and breaking of chemical bonds that lead to changes in the composition of matter

Answer 39

Chemical reactions