The Circulatary System Flashcards
(38 cards)
What are the 3 main components of the circulatory system
Heart, blood, (arteries, veins, capillaries) blood vessels
What does the pulmonary circulation do
Carries blood to and from the lungs
What does the systemic circulation do
Carries blood to and from the rest of the body’s organs
The pulmonary artery is the only artery to carry what type of blood
Oxygenated
What is a double circulation
When blood passes through the heart twice in one complete circulation of the body
What 3 things does the heart do
Pump blood around the body, receive blood from the veins and delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body’s cells and organs
What keeps the blood flowing in one direction through the heart
Valves - bicuspid and tricuspid
Why are the walls of the ventricles thicker than the atria
Because the atria pumps blood in the ventricles
Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the wall on the right ventricle
Because there is high pressure to pump blood to rest of body
What happens to ur heart when u get excited or u exercise
It beats faster because u need more energy from respiration
Red blood cell structure (4 things)
Very small, no nucleus, biconcave in shape therefore large surface area and volume ratio, contain and iron pigment called haemoglobin which can pick up oxygen
Function of red blood cell
Carries oxygen
Structure of white blood cell
Slightly larger than red blood cells
Function of white blood cell
They produce antibodies - protecting us from forming an infection by killing bacteria
What is phagocytosis
When white blood cells ungult the bacteria to destroy them
Structure of platelets
Tiny cell fragments carried around in the body, usually do nothing
Function of platelets
If blood is exposed to the air in a cut the platelets help to form a network of fibres at the cut called a clot
What do blood clots prevent
Blood being lost from a cut and dirt getting in
What does a blood clot harden to
A scab
Structure of plasma
The liquid portion of the blood
Function of plasma
Contains dissolved substances
What 5 physical things can we do to worsen our chances of getting heart disease
Don’t exercise, smoke, overweight, stressed, unbalanced diet
How can exercise reduce stress
exercise stimulates the release of chemicals similar to morphine which can cause a type of high
If a man who has been resting starts doing some strenuous exercises, what is the effect on the rate at which his heart beats
His heart rate will be 2x faster
