The Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the three main components of the circulatory system

Answer 1

The heart
Blood vessels
Blood

Question 2

The ___________ circulation carries blood to and from the lungs

Answer 2

Pulmonary

Question 3

The ___________Circulation carries blood to and from the rest of the body’s organs

Answer 3

Systemic

Question 4

The ___________ artery is the only artery to carry ___________Blood

Answer 4

Pulmonary

Deoxygenated

Question 5

The pulmonary vein is the only vein to carry ___________ blood

Answer 5

Oxygenated

Question 6

Arteries

Answer 6

Away from Heart

Question 7

Veins

Answer 7

Into heart

Question 8

Capillaries

Answer 8

Connect arteries and veins

Question 9

What does the Heart do

Answer 9

It receives blood from veins, pumps blood under high pressure into the arteries

Question 10

What keeps the blood flowing in One Direction through the heart

Answer 10

The bicuspid and tricuspid valves that lie between the atria and ventricles prevent backflow (atrio-ventricular valves)

Question 11

Explain why the walls of the ventricles thicker than the atria

Answer 11

Atria only have to pump blood down into ventricles a very short distance so little pressure is required.

The ventricles have to pump the blood a greater distance to the organs so a higher pressure is required. The thicker muscle generates greater force

Question 12

Explain why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall on the right ventricle

Answer 12

Right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs-these are close to the heart so less pressure is required; in contrast the left ventricle must generate enough pressure to pump blood to the rest of the bodies organs and much greater force is required for this

Question 13

What happens to your heart when you get excited or exercise

Answer 13

During exercise, the heart rate increases because the body needs more energy from respiration-This process requires oxygen and glucose both of which are carried in the blood. When excited adrenaline can be released to prepare the body for more activity part of this will be increasing heart rate to increase oxygen and glucose supply to the muscles

Question 14

How can you prevent heart disease

Answer 14

1. Having a good weight helps maintain a healthy heart as the fat does not gather around it.
2. Having a good diet without fatty foods helps maintain a healthy heart as the fat can gather in your arteries.
3. Stress is bad for your heart as it can make your heart beat really fast.
4. Smoking is really bad for your heart as it releases lots of bad chemicals.
5. Exercise helps to maintain a healthy heart as it lowers your chance of a heart attack and it can lower your weight.

Question 15

How can exercise reduce stress

Answer 15

There is an increased sense of well-being people may even feel ‘high’ as exercise stimulates the release of brain chemicals similar to morphine

Question 16

If a man has been resting starts doing some strenuous exercises, what is the effect on the rate at which his heart beats

Answer 16

It can make his heart rate go up nearly 200 bpm

Question 17

Does a fit or unfit person have a higher heartbeat rate on average

Answer 17

Unfit

Question 18

What effect does exercise sometimes have a blood pressure and why is it important

Answer 18

It prevents high blood pressure and it means There is less risk for a heart attack

Question 19

What effect does exercise have on the coronary arteries and why is it important

Answer 19

They become wider and the buildup of fatty deposits is less likely. This reduces the risk of heart disease

Question 20

What things can lead to heart disease

Answer 20

High blood pressure
Smoking
No exercise
Obesity
Stress

Question 21

What can help avoid heart disease

Answer 21

Do a lot of exercise
Don’t eat lots of fatty foods
Quit smoking
Try not to be as stressed

Question 22

Red blood cell

Answer 22

Carries oxygen

Question 23

White blood cell

Answer 23

Fights antigens/disease

Question 24

Platelets

Answer 24

Form clots or scabs

Question 25

What is the liquid part of our blood

Answer 25

Plasma

Question 26

Antibodies

Answer 26

Can be produced by a certain type of blood cell

Question 27

The heart

Answer 27

The bodies blood pump

Question 28

Why does the left side of the heart have a thicker muscle than the right

Answer 28

Because it has to pump the blood further which requires more energy and therefore more muscle

Question 29

Blood is pumped by the ___________ The heart contains four chambers the upper chambers are called the ___________ and the lower chambers are called the ___________. Blood pumped out of the right side of the heart to the lungs where it picks up ___________ this is pumped back to the left side of the heart this is the ___________circulation. The left side of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body this is the ___________ circulation.

Answer 29

``` Heart Atria Ventricles Oxygen Pulmonary Systemic ```

Question 30

Explain the features of a vein

Answer 30

It has walls to prevent backflow of blood and it only has a thin muscle layer as the pressure isn’t as high.

Question 31

Explain the features of a capillary

Answer 31

it’s only one cell thick to allow diffusion of nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 32

What causes pulse

Answer 32

Blood leaving the left ventricle is under very high pressure. as the blood flows through the arteries the high pressure causes the elastic walls of the arteries to stretch and recoil this is what we feel as a pulse