The Circulatory System Of A Mammal Flashcards
(17 cards)
What type of circulatory system do mammals have?
Double circulatory system
What do we mean by a double circulatory system?
Blood passes twice through the heart for each complete circuit of the body
To boost blood pressure
What are the features required to make an effective transport system?
Medium needs to be moved in bulk over large distances
Suitable medium to carry materials needed e.g. blood
Closed system of tubular vessels that contains the transport medium
Mechanism for moving transport medium
Describe the pathway of blood of blood vessels
Arteries –> arterioles, capillaries –> venules –> veins –> Vena cava
What is involved in the circulatory systems in plants and animals?
Animals - muscular contraction of heart and/ or body muscles
Plants - evaporation of water
What is the heart?
The heart is a muscle
Which requires its own blood supply for aerobic respiration
How does the heart receive blood?
Heart receives blood through arteries on its surface , coronary arteries
These arteries must remain clear
What is the function of coronary arteries?
They supply the cardiac muscle cells with nutrients and removed waste products
Explain why the muscular walls of atria are thinner than ventricles?
Atria does not generate much pressure when contracts
But enough to force blood down into ventricles
Through atrioventricular valves
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?
Needs to pump blood around the body
- provides oxygen for respiration
What are arteries?
Blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart
Features of arteries which help withstand high blood pressure
- contains lots of muscle and elastic tissue
- narrow lumen
- to maintain high blood pressure
What are arterioles?
Small arteries which branch from larger arteries and connect to capillaries
What are capillaries?
Tiny blood vessels which connect arterioles and venules
What are venules?
Small veins which join capillaries to larger veins
What are veins?
Blood vessels which carry blood back towards the heart
Features of veins
Thin walls compared to arteries
Less muscle and elastic tissue
Wider lumen
Prevents backflow of blood
