The Coastal Zone

Question 1

Backwash

Answer 1

The movement of a wave retreating back to the sea, away from the beach

Question 2

Bay

Answer 2

Sheltered area of a coastline made from soft rock

Question 3

Coastal flooding

Answer 3

When areas of land are flooded by the sea

Question 4

Coastal management

Answer 4

The processes and plans applied to coastal areas by local authorities and agencies to protect the coast from erosion

Question 5

Concordant coast

Answer 5

Layers of hard and soft rock which lie parallel against the coastline

Question 6

Constructive wave

Answer 6

Waves which have a larger awash than backwash

Question 7

Deposition

Answer 7

Placing sand and sediment in a certain place by a wave, erosion, transportation or humans

Question 8

Destructive wave

Answer 8

Wave which has a larger backwash than awash

Question 9

Discordant coast

Answer 9

Layers of hard and soft rock which run vertically against the coastline, forming headlands and bays

Question 10

Do nothing

Answer 10

An approach that allows natural processes to take their course without any intervention

Question 11

Erosion

Answer 11

Breaking down of rock and sediment

Question 12

Fetch

Answer 12

The distance a wave travels before hitting the coastline

Question 13

Geological structure

Answer 13

The way in which the rocks are arranged, both vertically and horizontally

Question 14

Hard engineering

Answer 14

A heavily managed area of the coastline e.g. sea wall, groyne

Question 15

Headland

Answer 15

outcrop of land at sea made from hard rock

Question 16

Holistic approach

Answer 16

An approach to environmental management that treats the whole area as an interrelated system

Question 17

ICZM

Answer 17

A sustainable method of coastal management, managing the whole coastal area from the shoreline to several kilometres inland as one area

Question 18

Longshore drift

Answer 18

Process of sediment moving along the coastline

Question 19

Mass movement

Answer 19

The down slope movement, by gravity, or soil and/or rock by the process of slumping, falling, sliding and flowing

Question 20

Spit

Answer 20

Sand and sediment which is attached to the coastline but sticks out into the sea

Question 21

Stack

Answer 21

A detached column of rock located just offshore

Question 22

Strategic realignment

Answer 22

The reorganisation of coastal defences, this is often the part of managed retreat

Question 23

Stump

Answer 23

A stack that has collapsed, leaving a small area of rock above sea level

Question 24

Sub-aerial processes

Answer 24

The weathering of rock and the impact of wind and rain

Question 25

Swash

Answer 25

The movement of a wave onto the beach

Question 26

Weathering

Answer 26

The weather breaking down rock