The Cognitive Revolution Flashcards
What time period did behaviourism dominate experimental psychology?
From the 1920’s to the 1950’s.
In Bruner’s book the Acts of Meaning(1990) he stated that the cognitive revolution focused on what?
Focused on the symbolic activities that humans employ in order to construct and make sense of the world and themselves.
How did Miller contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Law of human cognition: Limited capacity of short term memory-Magical number
Importance of reorganization and recoding.
Replaced stimulus-response with TOTE(test, operate, test, exit).
What points did Chiesa (1974) make to defend radical behaviourism?
- RB focuses on individuals, cognitive is more interested in groups
- RB promotes Newtons inductive approach, cognitive promotes deductive
- RB doesn’t rely on invisible factors for it’s theories
- Cognitive overlooks environmental factors-sees humans as agents.
What did Broadbent contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Used behavioural data to infer stages of attentional processing (dichotic listening task).
What did Weiner contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Invented cybernetics-negative feedback
What did Shannon contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Mathematical theory of communication-information theory-concept of noise, channels and filters.
What did Bartlett contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Studied free recall in War of the Ghost experiment.
Introduced the concept of schemas in 1932.
What did Craik contribute to the cognitive revolution?
In his essay “The nature of explanation” Here he considers thought as a term for the conscious working of a highly complex machine, viewing the brain as a calculating machine which can model or parallel external events
What did McCulloch and Pitts contribute to the cognitive revolution?
Artificial neural networks
