The Cold War vocabulary

Question 1

Four Asian Tigers

Answer 1

the economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, which underwent rapid industrialization and maintained exceptionally high growth rates (in excess of 7 percent a year) between the early 1960s (mid-1950s for Hong Kong) and 1990s.

Question 2

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Answer 2

commonly known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were student-led demonstrations in Beijing in 1989.

Question 3

Devolution

Answer 3

The transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.

Question 4

Ronald Reagan

Answer 4

An American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.

Question 5

Gorbachev

Answer 5

A former Soviet statesman, he was the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, having been General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, when the party was dissolved.

Question 6

Perestroika

Answer 6

A political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning “openness”) policy reform.

Question 7

Glasnost

Answer 7

(in the former Soviet Union) The policy or practice of more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information, initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985.

Question 8

Thatcherism

Answer 8

The political and economic policies advocated by the former British Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher, particularly those involving the privatization of nationalized industries and trade union legislation.

Question 9

Tony Blair

Answer 9

A British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.

Question 10

Yugoslavia

Answer 10

A country in Southeast Europe during most of the 20th century. It came into existence after World War I in 1918 under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes

Question 11

Bosnia

Answer 11

A country on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe, its countryside is home to medieval villages, rivers and lakes, plus the craggy Dinaric Alps.

Question 12

Rwanda

Answer 12

A landlocked East African country with a green, mountainous landscape, its renowned Volcanoes National Park is home to mountain gorillas and golden monkeys.

Question 13

Cambodia

Answer 13

A Southeast Asian nation whose landscape spans low-lying plains, the Mekong Delta, mountains and Gulf of Thailand coastline, Phnom Penh, its capital, is home to the art deco Central Market, glittering Royal Palace and the National Museum’s historical and archaeological exhibits.

Question 14

Kosovo

Answer 14

A disputed territory and partially recognised state in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo. Kosovo is landlocked in the central Balkan Peninsula.

Question 15

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Answer 15

A chemical, biological or radioactive weapon capable of causing widespread death and destruction.

Question 16

George W. Bush

Answer 16

An American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000.

Question 17

Bill Clinton

Answer 17

An American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

Question 18

NAFTA

Answer 18

The North American Free Trade Agreementis an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America.

Question 19

Welfare State

Answer 19

A system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits.

Question 20

Apartheld

Answer 20

A system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa between 1948 and 1991.

Question 21

Nelson Mandela

Answer 21

A South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.