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History - Germany > The Collapse Of Democracy (1928-33) > Flashcards

The Collapse Of Democracy (1928-33) Flashcards

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1
Q

The Impact of the Depression (1929)

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2
Q

How were loans and investment impacted by the depression?

A
  • U.S. loans (Dawes Plan) were recalled
  • American investment stopped abruptly
  • Financial aid dried up during critical need
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3
Q

How was industrial production affected by the depression?

A
  • Fell by 58% between 1929 and 1932
  • Germany suffered the worst decline in Europe
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4
Q

How were exports & trade impacted by the depression?

A
  • Export trade declined by 61%
  • U.S. demand for German goods collapsed
  • Global trade contraction hit Germany hard
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5
Q

How was employment impacted by the depression?

A
  • Official unemployment reached ~1/3 of workforce by 1932
  • True unemployment in early 1933 estimated at 8 million
  • Massive job losses in both blue-collar and white-collar sectors
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6
Q

How was business and industry impacted by the depression?

A
  • Thousands of firms went bankrupt
  • Survivors cut wages, hours, and workforce
  • Reduced consumer spending deepened the crisis
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7
Q

How was banking & finance impacted by the depression?

A
  • Banks became unstable as loans defaulted and savings were withdrawn
  • July 1931: government closed banks and stock exchange for 2 days
  • Financial panic spread after Austrian bank collapse in May 1931
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8
Q

How was agriculture impacted by the depression?

A
  • Farmers saw collapsing food prices and demand
  • Forced farm closures due to loan repayment demands
  • Farm labourers lost jobs; rural unemployment increased
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9
Q

What was the social impact of the depression?

A
  • Widespread poverty and despair
  • Severely hit industrial areas (e.g., Ruhr, Silesia, Hamburg)
  • Families and communities devastated by joblessness
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10
Q

What was the political impact of the depression?

A
  • Public loss of faith in the Weimar government
  • Rise in support for extremist parties like the Nazis and Communists
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11
Q

Economic impact

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12
Q

What happened on 24th October 1929?

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13
Q

What happened the following Tuesday - 29th October 1929?

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14
Q

What immediate effects did the Wall Street Crash have on individuals and businesses in the USA?

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15
Q

How did the Wall Street Crash lead to a global economic depression?

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16
Q

Why was Germany especially vulnerable to the Wall Street Crash?

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17
Q

What happened to American loans to Germany after the crash?

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18
Q

How did the crash affect Germany’s export trade and industrial production (1929-32)?

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19
Q

How did Germany’s economic decline compare to other European countries?

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20
Q

What impact did the Depression have on German businesses and workers?

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21
Q

What banking crisis occurred in 1931?

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22
Q

How many Germans were unemployed by 1932?

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23
Q

Why are the official unemployment figures from 1932 misleading?

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24
Q

What is the estimated true number of unemployed in Germany by January 1933?

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25
Which German regions were hit hardest by the Depression?
26
How were white-collar and civil service workers affected?
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How did the Depression affect German farmers?
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Why did many farmers have to give up their farms?
29
Social impact
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30
What were the unemployment figures from 1928 (Sept) to 1933 (Jan)?
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What was the general effect of mass unemployment on German society?
32
How well-developed was the Weimar Republic’s welfare system before the Depression?
33
What change occurred in welfare policy starting in 1930?
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What happened after state benefits ran out?
The unemployed had to apply for local relief, which were less generous and strictly means-tested
35
Who received less in unemployment benefits?
36
Which towns were hit hardest by the Depression?
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What health issues began to rise again during the Depression?
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What did doctors report among children during the Depression?
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What happened to the suicide rate during the Depression?
40
What occurred as a result of tenants being unable to pay rent?
The unemployed who were unable to pay their rents were evicted resulting in tent cities and shanty towns began to appear on the edges of large cities such as Berlin
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Impact on young people
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42
What was the unemployment rate among young males and females (14–25) in Hamburg, June 1933?
Males - 39% Females - 25.2%
43
What social consequence did high youth unemployment have in German towns and cities?
44
What fear arose due to the presence of unemployed youth in public areas?
45
Did juvenile convictions increase overall during the Depression?
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What types of crimes increased among the youth during the Depression?
47
What were “offences against the state” often linked to?
48
Which political party recruited working-class youth from "wild cliques"?
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What did the KPD involve youth in?
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Which nationalist groups recruited unemployed youth?
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What did these right-wing groups offer to attract young men?
52
Was youth membership in extremist groups stable and widespread?
53
How involved were girls and young women in political extremism?
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What was Brüning’s government’s main goal regarding unemployed youth?
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What were day centres for young people meant to do?
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What were emergency labour schemes?
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How did young people respond to emergency labour schemes?
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What were voluntary labour schemes?
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Did labour schemes provide vocational training or jobs?
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Impact on women
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How did women workers fare compared to men during the Depression?
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What debate was reignited due to male unemployment during the Depression?
63
Who led the campaign against ‘double-earners’?
64
What legal change occurred in May 1932 regarding married women in civil service?
65
Under what conditions could married women be dismissed after the 1932 law?
66
What government body dismissed 1,000 married women after the law?
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What did the May 1932 law represent symbolically?
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What broader impact did the Depression have on women's rights in Germany?
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Political impact
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The Appeal of Nazi and Communism
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The Appointment of Hitler
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The Establishment of Nazi Dictatorship, January - March 1933
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History - Germany (7 decks)

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