The Digestive System

Question 1

What is digestion?

Answer 1

Digestion is the breakdown of food into simple substances.

Question 2

What is a mechanical and chemical digestion?

Answer 2

• Mechanical digestions is the physical breakdown of food.

* Chemical digestion is the breakdown of food by chemicals called enzymes.

Question 3

What are enzymes?

Answer 3

Enzymes are chemicals that break down food.

Question 4

What are 2 functions of an enzyme?

Answer 4

• Breaks down food

* Speed up digestion

Question 5

Why does digestion takes place?

Answer 5

To get energy and nutrients from food.

Question 6

Where does digestion begin?

Answer 6

In the mouth

Question 7

Teeth breaking up food into smaller pieces is called what?

Answer 7

Mastication

Question 8

The passageway tube from the mouth to the anus is called what?

Answer 8

The Alimentary Canal

Question 9

What is Peristalsis?

Answer 9

Muscular wave like contraptions

Question 10

Food moves through the Alimentary Canal by a process called what?

Answer 10

Peristalsis

Question 11

The oesophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. Does digestion takes place here?

Answer 11

NO

Question 12

The stomach mixes and churns food into a semi solid liquid called what?

Answer 12

Chyme

Question 13

What is the name of the enzyme that the stomach produces and what is its functions (2)?

Answer 13

• Pepsin

* It breaks down protein and produces hydrochloric acid.

Question 14

What is the purpose of Hydrochloric Acid in the stomach?

Answer 14

To kill some bacteria that may be present in food.

Question 15

Where does most absorption of food and nutrients take place?

Answer 15

In the small intestine

Question 16

The small intestine has tiny like finger projections called what?

Answer 16

Villi

Question 17

What is the function of villi?

Answer 17

To increase the surface area for the absorption of food

Question 18

Where does digestion end?

Answer 18

In the small intestine

Question 19

The pancreas makes pancreatic juice. The pancreatic juice is made up of what enzymes(3)?

Answer 19

• Amylase
• Lipase
• Trypsin

Question 20

The liver makes a digestive substance called what?

Answer 20

Bile

Question 21

Where is bile stored?

Answer 21

In the gall bladder

Question 22

What is bile function?

Answer 22

Bile emulsifies fat (breaks up fat into tiny droplets)

Question 23

What are starches broken down into?

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

What is protein broken down into?

Answer 24

Amino acids

Question 25

What are fats (lipids) broken down into?

Answer 25

fatty acids (and glycerol)

Question 26

Which organ only digests water?

Answer 26

The large intestine

Question 27

What does the rectum store?

Answer 27

feces

Question 28

Where are the villi found?

Answer 28

In the small intestine

Question 29

List 3 digestive orders.

Answer 29

* Constipation- when food moves through the alimentary canal too slowly * Diarrhea- when food moves through the alimentary canal to quickly * Stomach Ulcers- When acid damages the lining of the stomach

Question 30

Where does mechanical and chemical digestion takes place?

Answer 30

In the mouth

Question 31

The tongue rolls the food into a wet ball called what?

Answer 31

A bolus

Question 32

What enzyme can be found in saliva? What is its function?

Answer 32

* Salivary amylase | * It breaks down starches

Question 33

What is the epiglottis?

Answer 33

A flap of tissue which covers the trachea (windpipe) while swallowing. This prevents choking.