The Digestive System Flashcards
What does combustion require?
What does combustion produce?
Combustion requires oxygen.
Combustion produces energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
Name the three macronutrients in the order in which they are burned.
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
What is a monosaccharide?
A monosaccharide is a simple sugar, such as glucose. It is the only type of carbohydrate that the body can burn.
What is a disacchride?
A disacchride is two monosaccarides linked together.
What is a polysacchride?
A polysaccharide is many monosaccharides linked together.
What is the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature.
Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
What is the basal metabolic rate?
The basal metabolic rate is the minimum amount of energy required by the body in a day.
Name the three steps of the combustion process in the order in which they occur.
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport System
Where does most of the combustion process occur?
Most of the combustion takes place in the mitochondrion.
What is digestion?
Digestion is the process by which an organism breaks down its food into small units that can be absorbed by the body.
Name the eight places that food passes through in the order in which the food passes through them.
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus
What happens to food in the small intestine?
In the small intestine, food is broken down chemically and most of the macronutrients are absorbed by the bloodstream.
What happens to food in the large intestine?
In the large intestine, water is absorbed from the food and the wast is turned into feces.
What does the liver do?
The liver picks up nutrients from the nutrient-filled blood and cleans the blood of toxins and waste. It also produces bile.
The liver is one of the largest organs.
What is bile necessary for?
Bile is necessary for the digestion of fats.
